rcube_utils.php
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rcube_utils.php
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	<?php

	/*
	+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
	\| program/include/rcube_utils.php \|
	\| \|
	\| This file is part of the Roundcube Webmail client \|
	\| Copyright (C) 2008-2012, The Roundcube Dev Team \|
	\| Copyright (C) 2011-2012, Kolab Systems AG \|
	\| \|
	\| Licensed under the GNU General Public License version 3 or \|
	\| any later version with exceptions for skins & plugins. \|
	\| See the README file for a full license statement. \|
	\| \|
	\| PURPOSE: \|
	\| Utility class providing common functions \|
	+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
	\| Author: Thomas Bruederli <roundcube@gmail.com> \|
	\| Author: Aleksander Machniak <alec@alec.pl> \|
	+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
	*/


	/**
	* Utility class providing common functions
	*
	* @package Core
	*/
	class rcube_utils
	{
	// define constants for input reading
	const INPUT_GET = 0x0101;
	const INPUT_POST = 0x0102;
	const INPUT_GPC = 0x0103;

	/**
	* Helper method to set a cookie with the current path and host settings
	*
	* @param string Cookie name
	* @param string Cookie value
	* @param string Expiration time
	*/
	public static function setcookie($name, $value, $exp = 0)
	{
	if (headers_sent()) {
	return;
	}

	$cookie = session_get_cookie_params();
	$secure = $cookie['secure'] \|\| self::https_check();

	setcookie($name, $value, $exp, $cookie['path'], $cookie['domain'], $secure, true);
	}

	/**
	* E-mail address validation.
	*
	* @param string $email Email address
	* @param boolean $dns_check True to check dns
	*
	* @return boolean True on success, False if address is invalid
	*/
	public static function check_email($email, $dns_check=true)
	{
	// Check for invalid characters
	if (preg_match('/[\x00-\x1F\x7F-\xFF]/', $email)) {
	return false;
	}

	// Check for length limit specified by RFC 5321 (#1486453)
	if (strlen($email) > 254) {
	return false;
	}

	$email_array = explode('@', $email);

	// Check that there's one @ symbol
	if (count($email_array) < 2) {
	return false;
	}

	$domain_part = array_pop($email_array);
	$local_part = implode('@', $email_array);

	// from PEAR::Validate
	$regexp = '&^(?:
	("\s(?:[^"\f\n\r\t\v\b\s]+\s)+")\| #1 quoted name
	([-\w!\#\$%\&\'+~/^`\|{}=]+(?:\.[-\w!\#\$%\&\'+~/^`\|{}=]+)*)) #2 OR dot-atom (RFC5322)
	$&xi';

	if (!preg_match($regexp, $local_part)) {
	return false;
	}

	// Validate domain part
	if (preg_match('/^\[((IPv6:[0-9a-f:.]+)\|([0-9.]+))\]$/i', $domain_part, $matches)) {
	return self::check_ip(preg_replace('/^IPv6:/i', '', $matches[1])); // valid IPv4 or IPv6 address
	}
	else {
	// If not an IP address
	$domain_array = explode('.', $domain_part);
	// Not enough parts to be a valid domain
	if (sizeof($domain_array) < 2) {
	return false;
	}

	foreach ($domain_array as $part) {
	if (!preg_match('/^(([A-Za-z0-9][A-Za-z0-9-]{0,61}[A-Za-z0-9])\|([A-Za-z0-9]))$/', $part)) {
	return false;
	}
	}

	// last domain part
	if (preg_match('/[^a-zA-Z]/', array_pop($domain_array))) {
	return false;
	}

	$rcube = rcube::get_instance();

	if (!$dns_check \|\| !$rcube->config->get('email_dns_check')) {
	return true;
	}

	if (strtoupper(substr(PHP_OS, 0, 3)) == 'WIN' && version_compare(PHP_VERSION, '5.3.0', '<')) {
	$lookup = array();
	@exec("nslookup -type=MX " . escapeshellarg($domain_part) . " 2>&1", $lookup);
	foreach ($lookup as $line) {
	if (strpos($line, 'MX preference')) {
	return true;
	}
	}
	return false;
	}

	// find MX record(s)
	if (getmxrr($domain_part, $mx_records)) {
	return true;
	}

	// find any DNS record
	if (checkdnsrr($domain_part, 'ANY')) {
	return true;
	}
	}

	return false;
	}


	/**
	* Validates IPv4 or IPv6 address
	*
	* @param string $ip IP address in v4 or v6 format
	*
	* @return bool True if the address is valid
	*/
	public static function check_ip($ip)
	{
	// IPv6, but there's no build-in IPv6 support
	if (strpos($ip, ':') !== false && !defined('AF_INET6')) {
	$parts = explode(':', $domain_part);
	$count = count($parts);

	if ($count > 8 \|\| $count < 2) {
	return false;
	}

	foreach ($parts as $idx => $part) {
	$length = strlen($part);
	if (!$length) {
	// there can be only one ::
	if ($found_empty) {
	return false;
	}
	$found_empty = true;
	}
	// last part can be an IPv4 address
	else if ($idx == $count - 1) {
	if (!preg_match('/^[0-9a-f]{1,4}$/i', $part)) {
	return @inet_pton($part) !== false;
	}
	}
	else if (!preg_match('/^[0-9a-f]{1,4}$/i', $part)) {
	return false;
	}
	}

	return true;
	}

	return @inet_pton($ip) !== false;
	}


	/**
	* Check whether the HTTP referer matches the current request
	*
	* @return boolean True if referer is the same host+path, false if not
	*/
	public static function check_referer()
	{
	$uri = parse_url($_SERVER['REQUEST_URI']);
	$referer = parse_url(self::request_header('Referer'));
	return $referer['host'] == self::request_header('Host') && $referer['path'] == $uri['path'];
	}


	/**
	* Replacing specials characters to a specific encoding type
	*
	* @param string Input string
	* @param string Encoding type: text\|html\|xml\|js\|url
	* @param string Replace mode for tags: show\|replace\|remove
	* @param boolean Convert newlines
	*
	* @return string The quoted string
	*/
	public static function rep_specialchars_output($str, $enctype = '', $mode = '', $newlines = true)
	{
	static $html_encode_arr = false;
	static $js_rep_table = false;
	static $xml_rep_table = false;

	// encode for HTML output
	if ($enctype == 'html') {
	if (!$html_encode_arr) {
	$html_encode_arr = get_html_translation_table(HTML_SPECIALCHARS);
	unset($html_encode_arr['?']);
	}

	$encode_arr = $html_encode_arr;

	// don't replace quotes and html tags
	if ($mode == 'show' \|\| $mode == '') {
	$ltpos = strpos($str, '<');
	if ($ltpos !== false && strpos($str, '>', $ltpos) !== false) {
	unset($encode_arr['"']);
	unset($encode_arr['<']);
	unset($encode_arr['>']);
	unset($encode_arr['&']);
	}
	}
	else if ($mode == 'remove') {
	$str = strip_tags($str);
	}

	$out = strtr($str, $encode_arr);

	// avoid douple quotation of &
	$out = preg_replace('/&([A-Za-z]{2,6}\|#[0-9]{2,4});/', '&\\1;', $out);

	return $newlines ? nl2br($out) : $out;
	}

	// if the replace tables for XML and JS are not yet defined
	if ($js_rep_table === false) {
	$js_rep_table = $xml_rep_table = array();
	$xml_rep_table['&'] = '&';

	// can be increased to support more charsets
	for ($c=160; $c<256; $c++) {
	$xml_rep_table[chr($c)] = "&#$c;";
	}

	$xml_rep_table['"'] = '"';
	$js_rep_table['"'] = '\\"';
	$js_rep_table["'"] = "\\'";
	$js_rep_table["\\"] = "\\\\";
	// Unicode line and paragraph separators (#1486310)
	$js_rep_table[chr(hexdec(E2)).chr(hexdec(80)).chr(hexdec(A8))] = ' ';
	$js_rep_table[chr(hexdec(E2)).chr(hexdec(80)).chr(hexdec(A9))] = ' ';
	}

	// encode for javascript use
	if ($enctype == 'js') {
	return preg_replace(array("/\r?\n/", "/\r/", '/<\\//'), array('\n', '\n', '<\\/'), strtr($str, $js_rep_table));
	}

	// encode for plaintext
	if ($enctype == 'text') {
	return str_replace("\r\n", "\n", $mode=='remove' ? strip_tags($str) : $str);
	}

	if ($enctype == 'url') {
	return rawurlencode($str);
	}

	// encode for XML
	if ($enctype == 'xml') {
	return strtr($str, $xml_rep_table);
	}

	// no encoding given -> return original string
	return $str;
	}


	/**
	* Read input value and convert it for internal use
	* Performs stripslashes() and charset conversion if necessary
	*
	* @param string Field name to read
	* @param int Source to get value from (GPC)
	* @param boolean Allow HTML tags in field value
	* @param string Charset to convert into
	*
	* @return string Field value or NULL if not available
	*/
	public static function get_input_value($fname, $source, $allow_html=FALSE, $charset=NULL)
	{
	$value = NULL;

	if ($source == self::INPUT_GET) {
	if (isset($_GET[$fname])) {
	$value = $_GET[$fname];
	}
	}
	else if ($source == self::INPUT_POST) {
	if (isset($_POST[$fname])) {
	$value = $_POST[$fname];
	}
	}
	else if ($source == self::INPUT_GPC) {
	if (isset($_POST[$fname])) {
	$value = $_POST[$fname];
	}
	else if (isset($_GET[$fname])) {
	$value = $_GET[$fname];
	}
	else if (isset($_COOKIE[$fname])) {
	$value = $_COOKIE[$fname];
	}
	}

	return self::parse_input_value($value, $allow_html, $charset);
	}


	/**
	* Parse/validate input value. See self::get_input_value()
	* Performs stripslashes() and charset conversion if necessary
	*
	* @param string Input value
	* @param boolean Allow HTML tags in field value
	* @param string Charset to convert into
	*
	* @return string Parsed value
	*/
	public static function parse_input_value($value, $allow_html=FALSE, $charset=NULL)
	{
	global $OUTPUT;

	if (empty($value)) {
	return $value;
	}

	if (is_array($value)) {
	foreach ($value as $idx => $val) {
	$value[$idx] = self::parse_input_value($val, $allow_html, $charset);
	}
	return $value;
	}

	// strip single quotes if magic_quotes_sybase is enabled
	if (ini_get('magic_quotes_sybase')) {
	$value = str_replace("''", "'", $value);
	}
	// strip slashes if magic_quotes enabled
	else if (get_magic_quotes_gpc() \|\| get_magic_quotes_runtime()) {
	$value = stripslashes($value);
	}

	// remove HTML tags if not allowed
	if (!$allow_html) {
	$value = strip_tags($value);
	}

	$output_charset = is_object($OUTPUT) ? $OUTPUT->get_charset() : null;

	// remove invalid characters (#1488124)
	if ($output_charset == 'UTF-8') {
	$value = rcube_charset::clean($value);
	}

	// convert to internal charset
	if ($charset && $output_charset) {
	$value = rcube_charset::convert($value, $output_charset, $charset);
	}

	return $value;
	}


	/**
	* Convert array of request parameters (prefixed with _)
	* to a regular array with non-prefixed keys.
	*
	* @param int $mode Source to get value from (GPC)
	* @param string $ignore PCRE expression to skip parameters by name
	*
	* @return array Hash array with all request parameters
	*/
	public static function request2param($mode = null, $ignore = 'task\|action')
	{
	$out = array();
	$src = $mode == self::INPUT_GET ? $_GET : ($mode == self::INPUT_POST ? $_POST : $_REQUEST);

	foreach ($src as $key => $value) {
	$fname = $key[0] == '_' ? substr($key, 1) : $key;
	if ($ignore && !preg_match('/^(' . $ignore . ')$/', $fname)) {
	$out[$fname] = self::get_input_value($key, $mode);
	}
	}

	return $out;
	}


	/**
	* Convert the given string into a valid HTML identifier
	* Same functionality as done in app.js with rcube_webmail.html_identifier()
	*/
	public static function html_identifier($str, $encode=false)
	{
	if ($encode) {
	return rtrim(strtr(base64_encode($str), '+/', '-_'), '=');
	}
	else {
	return asciiwords($str, true, '_');
	}
	}


	/**
	* Create an edit field for inclusion on a form
	*
	* @param string col field name
	* @param string value field value
	* @param array attrib HTML element attributes for field
	* @param string type HTML element type (default 'text')
	*
	* @return string HTML field definition
	*/
	public static function get_edit_field($col, $value, $attrib, $type = 'text')
	{
	static $colcounts = array();

	$fname = '_'.$col;
	$attrib['name'] = $fname . ($attrib['array'] ? '[]' : '');
	$attrib['class'] = trim($attrib['class'] . ' ff_' . $col);

	if ($type == 'checkbox') {
	$attrib['value'] = '1';
	$input = new html_checkbox($attrib);
	}
	else if ($type == 'textarea') {
	$attrib['cols'] = $attrib['size'];
	$input = new html_textarea($attrib);
	}
	else if ($type == 'select') {
	$input = new html_select($attrib);
	$input->add('---', '');
	$input->add(array_values($attrib['options']), array_keys($attrib['options']));
	}
	else if ($attrib['type'] == 'password') {
	$input = new html_passwordfield($attrib);
	}
	else {
	if ($attrib['type'] != 'text' && $attrib['type'] != 'hidden') {
	$attrib['type'] = 'text';
	}
	$input = new html_inputfield($attrib);
	}

	// use value from post
	if (isset($_POST[$fname])) {
	$postvalue = self::get_input_value($fname, self::INPUT_POST, true);
	$value = $attrib['array'] ? $postvalue[intval($colcounts[$col]++)] : $postvalue;
	}

	$out = $input->show($value);

	return $out;
	}


	/**
	* Replace all css definitions with #container [def]
	* and remove css-inlined scripting
	*
	* @param string CSS source code
	* @param string Container ID to use as prefix
	*
	* @return string Modified CSS source
	*/
	public static function mod_css_styles($source, $container_id, $allow_remote=false)
	{
	$last_pos = 0;
	$replacements = new rcube_string_replacer;

	// ignore the whole block if evil styles are detected
	$source = self::xss_entity_decode($source);
	$stripped = preg_replace('/[^a-z\(:;]/i', '', $source);
	$evilexpr = 'expression\|behavior\|javascript:\|import[^a]' . (!$allow_remote ? '\|url\(' : '');
	if (preg_match("/$evilexpr/i", $stripped)) {
	return '/* evil! */';
	}

	// cut out all contents between { and }
	while (($pos = strpos($source, '{', $last_pos)) && ($pos2 = strpos($source, '}', $pos))) {
	$styles = substr($source, $pos+1, $pos2-($pos+1));

	// check every line of a style block...
	if ($allow_remote) {
	$a_styles = preg_split('/;[\r\n]*/', $styles, -1, PREG_SPLIT_NO_EMPTY);
	foreach ($a_styles as $line) {
	$stripped = preg_replace('/[^a-z\(:;]/i', '', $line);
	// ... and only allow strict url() values
	$regexp = '!url\s*$[ "\'](https?:)//[a-z0-9/._+-]+["\' ]$!Uims';
	if (stripos($stripped, 'url(') && !preg_match($regexp, $line)) {
	$a_styles = array('/* evil! */');
	break;
	}
	}
	$styles = join(";\n", $a_styles);
	}

	$key = $replacements->add($styles);
	$source = substr($source, 0, $pos+1)
	. $replacements->get_replacement($key)
	. substr($source, $pos2, strlen($source)-$pos2);
	$last_pos = $pos+2;
	}

	// remove html comments and add #container to each tag selector.
	// also replace body definition because we also stripped off the <body> tag
	$styles = preg_replace(
	array(
	'/(^\s<!--)\|(-->\s$)/',
	'/(^\s\|,\s\|\}\s)([a-z0-9\._#\][a-z0-9\.\-_]*)/im',
	'/'.preg_quote($container_id, '/').'\s+body/i',
	),
	array(
	'',
	"\\1#$container_id \\2",
	$container_id,
	),
	$source);

	// put block contents back in
	$styles = $replacements->resolve($styles);

	return $styles;
	}


	/**
	* Generate CSS classes from mimetype and filename extension
	*
	* @param string $mimetype Mimetype
	* @param string $filename Filename
	*
	* @return string CSS classes separated by space
	*/
	public static function file2class($mimetype, $filename)
	{
	list($primary, $secondary) = explode('/', $mimetype);

	$classes = array($primary ? $primary : 'unknown');
	if ($secondary) {
	$classes[] = $secondary;
	}
	if (preg_match('/\.([a-z0-9]+)$/i', $filename, $m)) {
	$classes[] = $m[1];
	}

	return strtolower(join(" ", $classes));
	}


	/**
	* Decode escaped entities used by known XSS exploits.
	* See http://downloads.securityfocus.com/vulnerabilities/exploits/26800.eml for examples
	*
	* @param string CSS content to decode
	*
	* @return string Decoded string
	*/
	public static function xss_entity_decode($content)
	{
	$out = html_entity_decode(html_entity_decode($content));
	$out = preg_replace_callback('/\\\([0-9a-f]{4})/i',
	array(self, 'xss_entity_decode_callback'), $out);
	$out = preg_replace('#/\.\*/#Ums', '', $out);

	return $out;
	}


	/**
	* preg_replace_callback callback for xss_entity_decode
	*
	* @param array $matches Result from preg_replace_callback
	*
	* @return string Decoded entity
	*/
	public static function xss_entity_decode_callback($matches)
	{
	return chr(hexdec($matches[1]));
	}


	/**
	* Check if we can process not exceeding memory_limit
	*
	* @param integer Required amount of memory
	*
	* @return boolean True if memory won't be exceeded, False otherwise
	*/
	public static function mem_check($need)
	{
	$mem_limit = parse_bytes(ini_get('memory_limit'));
	$memory = function_exists('memory_get_usage') ? memory_get_usage() : 1610241024; // safe value: 16MB

	return $mem_limit > 0 && $memory + $need > $mem_limit ? false : true;
	}


	/**
	* Check if working in SSL mode
	*
	* @param integer $port HTTPS port number
	* @param boolean $use_https Enables 'use_https' option checking
	*
	* @return boolean
	*/
	public static function https_check($port=null, $use_https=true)
	{
	global $RCMAIL;

	if (!empty($_SERVER['HTTPS']) && strtolower($_SERVER['HTTPS']) != 'off') {
	return true;
	}
	if (!empty($_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_PROTO']) && strtolower($_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_PROTO']) == 'https') {
	return true;
	}
	if ($port && $_SERVER['SERVER_PORT'] == $port) {
	return true;
	}
	if ($use_https && isset($RCMAIL) && $RCMAIL->config->get('use_https')) {
	return true;
	}

	return false;
	}


	/**
	* Replaces hostname variables.
	*
	* @param string $name Hostname
	* @param string $host Optional IMAP hostname
	*
	* @return string Hostname
	*/
	public static function parse_host($name, $host = '')
	{
	// %n - host
	$n = preg_replace('/:\d+$/', '', $_SERVER['SERVER_NAME']);
	// %t - host name without first part, e.g. %n=mail.domain.tld, %t=domain.tld
	$t = preg_replace('/^[^\.]+\./', '', $n);
	// %d - domain name without first part
	$d = preg_replace('/^[^\.]+\./', '', $_SERVER['HTTP_HOST']);
	// %h - IMAP host
	$h = $_SESSION['storage_host'] ? $_SESSION['storage_host'] : $host;
	// %z - IMAP domain without first part, e.g. %h=imap.domain.tld, %z=domain.tld
	$z = preg_replace('/^[^\.]+\./', '', $h);
	// %s - domain name after the '@' from e-mail address provided at login screen. Returns FALSE if an invalid email is provided
	if (strpos($name, '%s') !== false) {
	$user_email = self::get_input_value('_user', self::INPUT_POST);
	$user_email = rcube_utils::idn_convert($user_email, true);
	$matches = preg_match('/(.*)@([a-z0-9\.\-\[\]\:]+)/i', $user_email, $s);
	if ($matches < 1 \|\| filter_var($s[1]."@".$s[2], FILTER_VALIDATE_EMAIL) === false) {
	return false;
	}
	}

	$name = str_replace(array('%n', '%t', '%d', '%h', '%z', '%s'), array($n, $t, $d, $h, $z, $s[2]), $name);
	return $name;
	}


	/**
	* Returns remote IP address and forwarded addresses if found
	*
	* @return string Remote IP address(es)
	*/
	public static function remote_ip()
	{
	$address = $_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR'];

	// append the NGINX X-Real-IP header, if set
	if (!empty($_SERVER['HTTP_X_REAL_IP'])) {
	$remote_ip[] = 'X-Real-IP: ' . $_SERVER['HTTP_X_REAL_IP'];
	}
	// append the X-Forwarded-For header, if set
	if (!empty($_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR'])) {
	$remote_ip[] = 'X-Forwarded-For: ' . $_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR'];
	}

	if (!empty($remote_ip)) {
	$address .= '(' . implode(',', $remote_ip) . ')';
	}

	return $address;
	}


	/**
	* Read a specific HTTP request header.
	*
	* @param string $name Header name
	*
	* @return mixed Header value or null if not available
	*/
	public static function request_header($name)
	{
	if (function_exists('getallheaders')) {
	$hdrs = array_change_key_case(getallheaders(), CASE_UPPER);
	$key = strtoupper($name);
	}
	else {
	$key = 'HTTP_' . strtoupper(strtr($name, '-', '_'));
	$hdrs = array_change_key_case($_SERVER, CASE_UPPER);
	}

	return $hdrs[$key];
	}

	/**
	* Explode quoted string
	*
	* @param string Delimiter expression string for preg_match()
	* @param string Input string
	*
	* @return array String items
	*/
	public static function explode_quoted_string($delimiter, $string)
	{
	$result = array();
	$strlen = strlen($string);

	for ($q=$p=$i=0; $i < $strlen; $i++) {
	if ($string[$i] == "\"" && $string[$i-1] != "\\") {
	$q = $q ? false : true;
	}
	else if (!$q && preg_match("/$delimiter/", $string[$i])) {
	$result[] = substr($string, $p, $i - $p);
	$p = $i + 1;
	}
	}

	$result[] = substr($string, $p);

	return $result;
	}


	/**
	* Improved equivalent to strtotime()
	*
	* @param string $date Date string
	*
	* @return int Unix timestamp
	*/
	public static function strtotime($date)
	{
	// check for MS Outlook vCard date format YYYYMMDD
	if (preg_match('/^([12][90]\d\d)([01]\d)(\d\d)$/', trim($date), $matches)) {
	return mktime(0,0,0, intval($matches[2]), intval($matches[3]), intval($matches[1]));
	}
	else if (is_numeric($date)) {
	return $date;
	}

	// support non-standard "GMTXXXX" literal
	$date = preg_replace('/GMT\s*([+-][0-9]+)/', '\\1', $date);

	// if date parsing fails, we have a date in non-rfc format.
	// remove token from the end and try again
	while ((($ts = @strtotime($date)) === false) \|\| ($ts < 0)) {
	$d = explode(' ', $date);
	array_pop($d);
	if (!$d) {
	break;
	}
	$date = implode(' ', $d);
	}

	return $ts;
	}


	/*
	* Idn_to_ascii wrapper.
	* Intl/Idn modules version of this function doesn't work with e-mail address
	*/
	public static function idn_to_ascii($str)
	{
	return self::idn_convert($str, true);
	}


	/*
	* Idn_to_ascii wrapper.
	* Intl/Idn modules version of this function doesn't work with e-mail address
	*/
	public static function idn_to_utf8($str)
	{
	return self::idn_convert($str, false);
	}


	public static function idn_convert($input, $is_utf=false)
	{
	if ($at = strpos($input, '@')) {
	$user = substr($input, 0, $at);
	$domain = substr($input, $at+1);
	}
	else {
	$domain = $input;
	}

	$domain = $is_utf ? idn_to_ascii($domain) : idn_to_utf8($domain);

	if ($domain === false) {
	return '';
	}

	return $at ? $user . '@' . $domain : $domain;
	}

	/**
	* Split the given string into word tokens
	*
	* @param string Input to tokenize
	* @return array List of tokens
	*/
	public static function tokenize_string($str)
	{
	return explode(" ", preg_replace(
	array('/[\s;\/+-]+/i', '/(\d)[-.\s]+(\d)/', '/\s\w{1,3}\s/u'),
	array(' ', '\\1\\2', ' '),
	$str));
	}

	/**
	* Normalize the given string for fulltext search.
	* Currently only optimized for Latin-1 characters; to be extended
	*
	* @param string Input string (UTF-8)
	* @param boolean True to return list of words as array
	* @return mixed Normalized string or a list of normalized tokens
	*/
	public static function normalize_string($str, $as_array = false)
	{
	// split by words
	$arr = self::tokenize_string($str);

	foreach ($arr as $i => $part) {
	if (utf8_encode(utf8_decode($part)) == $part) { // is latin-1 ?
	$arr[$i] = utf8_encode(strtr(strtolower(strtr(utf8_decode($part),
	'ÇçäâàåéêëèïîìÅÉöôòüûùÿøØáíóúñÑÁÂÀãÃÊËÈÍÎÏÓÔõÕÚÛÙýÝ',
	'ccaaaaeeeeiiiaeooouuuyooaiounnaaaaaeeeiiioooouuuyy')),
	array('ß' => 'ss', 'ae' => 'a', 'oe' => 'o', 'ue' => 'u')));
	}
	else
	$arr[$i] = mb_strtolower($part);
	}

	return $as_array ? $arr : join(" ", $arr);
	}

	}

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