diff --git a/lib/puppet/face/config.rb b/lib/puppet/face/config.rb
index d1ff86672..d0239ef7e 100644
--- a/lib/puppet/face/config.rb
+++ b/lib/puppet/face/config.rb
@@ -1,78 +1,89 @@
 require 'puppet/face'
 require 'puppet/settings/ini_file'
 
 Puppet::Face.define(:config, '0.0.1') do
   copyright "Puppet Labs", 2011
   license   "Apache 2 license; see COPYING"
 
   summary "Interact with Puppet's configuration options."
 
+  option "--section SECTION_NAME" do
+    default_to { "main" }
+    summary "The section of the configuration file to interact with."
+  end
+
   action(:print) do
     summary "Examine Puppet's current configuration settings."
     arguments "(all | <setting> [<setting> ...]"
-    returns <<-'EOT'
-      A single value when called with one config setting, and a list of
-      settings and values when called with multiple options or "all."
-    EOT
     description <<-'EOT'
       Prints the value of a single configuration option or a list of
       configuration options.
 
       This action is an alternate interface to the information available with
       `puppet <subcommand> --configprint`.
     EOT
     notes <<-'EOT'
-      By default, this action reads the configuration in agent mode.
-      Use the '--run_mode' and '--environment' flags to examine other
+      By default, this action reads the general configuration in in the 'main'
+      section. Use the '--section' and '--environment' flags to examine other
       configuration domains.
     EOT
     examples <<-'EOT'
       Get puppet's runfile directory:
 
       $ puppet config print rundir
 
       Get a list of important directories from the master's config:
 
-      $ puppet config print all --run_mode master | grep -E "(path|dir)"
+      $ puppet config print all --section master | grep -E "(path|dir)"
     EOT
 
     when_invoked do |*args|
-      args.pop
+      options = args.pop
 
-      args = [ "all" ] if args.empty?
+      args = Puppet.settings.to_a.collect(&:first) if args.empty?
 
-      Puppet.settings[:configprint] = args.join(",")
-      Puppet.settings.print_config_options
+      values = Puppet.settings.values(Puppet[:environment].to_sym, options[:section].to_sym)
+      if args.length == 1
+        puts values.interpolate(args[0].to_sym)
+      else
+        args.each do |setting_name|
+          puts "#{setting_name} = #{values.interpolate(setting_name.to_sym)}"
+        end
+      end
       nil
     end
   end
 
   action(:set) do
     summary "Set Puppet's configuration settings."
     arguments "[setting_name] [setting_value]"
     description <<-'EOT'
       Update values in the `puppet.conf` configuration file.
     EOT
+    notes <<-'EOT'
+      By default, this action manipulates the configuration in the
+      'main' section. Use the '--section' flag to manipulate other
+      configuration domains.
+    EOT
     examples <<-'EOT'
       Set puppet's runfile directory:
 
       $ puppet config set rundir /var/run/puppet
-    EOT
 
-    option "--section SECTION_NAME" do
-      default_to { "main" }
-      summary "The section of the configuration file to change."
-    end
+      Set the vardir for only the agent:
+
+      $ puppet config set vardir /var/lib/puppetagent --section agent
+    EOT
 
     when_invoked do |name, value, options|
       file = Puppet::FileSystem::File.new(Puppet.settings.which_configuration_file)
       file.touch
       file.open(nil, 'r+') do |file|
         Puppet::Settings::IniFile.update(file) do |config|
           config.set(options[:section], name, value)
         end
       end
       nil
     end
   end
 end
diff --git a/lib/puppet/node/environment.rb b/lib/puppet/node/environment.rb
index f79b8b35b..441b4e5e6 100644
--- a/lib/puppet/node/environment.rb
+++ b/lib/puppet/node/environment.rb
@@ -1,487 +1,487 @@
 require 'puppet/util'
 require 'puppet/util/cacher'
 require 'monitor'
 require 'puppet/parser/parser_factory'
 
 # Just define it, so this class has fewer load dependencies.
 class Puppet::Node
 end
 
 # Puppet::Node::Environment acts as a container for all configuration
 # that is expected to vary between environments.
 #
 # ## Global variables
 #
 # The Puppet::Node::Environment uses a number of global variables.
 #
 # ### `$environment`
 #
 # The 'environment' global variable represents the current environment that's
 # being used in the compiler.
 #
 # ### `$known_resource_types`
 #
 # The 'known_resource_types' global variable represents a singleton instance
 # of the Puppet::Resource::TypeCollection class. The variable is discarded
 # and regenerated if it is accessed by an environment that doesn't match the
 # environment of the 'known_resource_types'
 #
 # This behavior of discarding the known_resource_types every time the
 # environment changes is not ideal. In the best case this can cause valid data
 # to be discarded and reloaded. If Puppet is being used with numerous
 # environments then this penalty will be repeatedly incurred.
 #
 # In the worst case (#15106) demonstrates that if a different environment is
 # accessed during catalog compilation, for whatever reason, the
 # known_resource_types can be discarded which loses information that cannot
 # be recovered and can cause a catalog compilation to completely fail.
 #
 # ## The root environment
 #
 # In addition to normal environments that are defined by the user,there is a
 # special 'root' environment. It is defined as an instance variable on the
 # Puppet::Node::Environment metaclass. The environment name is `*root*` and can
 # be accessed by calling {Puppet::Node::Environment.root}.
 #
 # The primary purpose of the root environment is to contain parser functions
 # that are not bound to a specific environment. The main case for this is for
 # logging functions. Logging functions are attached to the 'root' environment
 # when {Puppet::Parser::Functions.reset} is called.
 #
 # The root environment is also used as a fallback environment when the
 # current environment has been requested by {Puppet::Node::Environment.current}
 # requested and no environment was set by {Puppet::Node::Environment.current=}
 class Puppet::Node::Environment
 
   # This defines a mixin for classes that have an environment. It implements
   # `environment` and `environment=` that respects the semantics of the
   # Puppet::Node::Environment class
   #
   # @api public
   module Helper
 
     def environment
       Puppet::Node::Environment.new(@environment)
     end
 
     def environment=(env)
       if env.is_a?(String) or env.is_a?(Symbol)
         @environment = env
       else
         @environment = env.name
       end
     end
   end
 
   include Puppet::Util::Cacher
 
   # @!attribute seen
   #   @scope class
   #   @api private
   #   @return [Hash<Symbol, Puppet::Node::Environment>] All memoized environments
   @seen = {}
 
   # Create a new environment with the given name, or return an existing one
   #
   # The environment class memoizes instances so that attempts to instantiate an
   # environment with the same name with an existing environment will return the
   # existing environment.
   #
   # @overload self.new(environment)
   #   @param environment [Puppet::Node::Environment]
   #   @return [Puppet::Node::Environment] the environment passed as the param,
   #     this is implemented so that a calling class can use strings or
   #     environments interchangeably.
   #
   # @overload self.new(string)
   #   @param string [String, Symbol]
   #   @return [Puppet::Node::Environment] An existing environment if it exists,
   #     else a new environment with that name
   #
   # @overload self.new()
   #   @return [Puppet::Node::Environment] The environment as set by
   #     Puppet.settings[:environment]
   #
   # @api public
   def self.new(name = nil)
     return name if name.is_a?(self)
     name ||= Puppet.settings.value(:environment)
 
     raise ArgumentError, "Environment name must be specified" unless name
 
     symbol = name.to_sym
 
     return @seen[symbol] if @seen[symbol]
 
     obj = self.allocate
     obj.send :initialize, symbol
     @seen[symbol] = obj
   end
 
   # Retrieve the environment for the current thread
   #
   # @note This should only used when a catalog is being compiled.
   #
   # @api private
   #
   # @return [Puppet::Node::Environment] the currently set environment if one
   #   has been explicitly set, else it will return the '*root*' environment
   def self.current
     $environment || root
   end
 
   # Set the environment for the current thread
   #
   # @note This should only set when a catalog is being compiled. Under normal
   #   This value is initially set in {Puppet::Parser::Compiler#environment}
   #
   # @note Setting this affects global state during catalog compilation, and
   #   changing the current environment during compilation can cause unexpected
   #   and generally very bad behaviors.
   #
   # @api private
   #
   # @param env [Puppet::Node::Environment]
   def self.current=(env)
     $environment = new(env)
   end
 
 
   # @return [Puppet::Node::Environment] The `*root*` environment.
   #
   # This is only used for handling functions that are not attached to a
   # specific environment.
   #
   # @api private
   def self.root
     @root
   end
 
   # Clear all memoized environments and the 'current' environment
   #
   # @api private
   def self.clear
     @seen.clear
     $environment = nil
   end
 
   # @!attribute [r] name
   #   @api public
   #   @return [Symbol] the human readable environment name that serves as the
   #     environment identifier
   attr_reader :name
 
   # Return an environment-specific Puppet setting.
   #
   # @api public
   #
   # @param param [String, Symbol] The environment setting to look up
   # @return [Object] The resolved setting value
   def [](param)
     Puppet.settings.value(param, self.name)
   end
 
   # Instantiate a new environment
   #
   # @note {Puppet::Node::Environment.new} is overridden to return memoized
   #   objects, so this will not be invoked with the normal Ruby initialization
   #   semantics.
   #
   # @param name [Symbol] The environment name
   def initialize(name)
     @name = name
   end
 
   # The current global TypeCollection
   #
   # @note The environment is loosely coupled with the {Puppet::Resource::TypeCollection}
   #   class. While there is a 1:1 relationship between an environment and a
   #   TypeCollection instance, there is only one TypeCollection instance
   #   available at any given time. It is stored in `$known_resource_types`.
   #   `$known_resource_types` is accessed as an instance method, but is global
   #   to all environment variables.
   #
   # @api public
   # @return [Puppet::Resource::TypeCollection] The current global TypeCollection
   def known_resource_types
     # This makes use of short circuit evaluation to get the right thread-safe
     # per environment semantics with an efficient most common cases; we almost
     # always just return our thread's known-resource types.  Only at the start
     # of a compilation (after our thread var has been set to nil) or when the
     # environment has changed do we delve deeper.
     $known_resource_types = nil if $known_resource_types && $known_resource_types.environment != self
     $known_resource_types ||=
       if @known_resource_types.nil? or @known_resource_types.require_reparse?
         @known_resource_types = Puppet::Resource::TypeCollection.new(self)
         @known_resource_types.import_ast(perform_initial_import, '')
         @known_resource_types
       else
         @known_resource_types
       end
   end
 
   # Yields each modules' plugin directory if the plugin directory (modulename/lib)
   # is present on the filesystem.
   #
   # @yield [String] Yields the plugin directory from each module to the block.
   # @api public
   def each_plugin_directory(&block)
     modules.map(&:plugin_directory).each do |lib|
       lib = Puppet::Util::Autoload.cleanpath(lib)
       yield lib if File.directory?(lib)
     end
   end
 
   # Locate a module instance by the module name alone.
   #
   # @api public
   #
   # @param name [String] The module name
   # @return [Puppet::Module, nil] The module if found, else nil
   def module(name)
     modules.find {|mod| mod.name == name}
   end
 
   # Locate a module instance by the full forge name (EG authorname/module)
   #
   # @api public
   #
   # @param forge_name [String] The module name
   # @return [Puppet::Module, nil] The module if found, else nil
   def module_by_forge_name(forge_name)
     author, modname = forge_name.split('/')
     found_mod = self.module(modname)
     found_mod and found_mod.forge_name == forge_name ?
       found_mod :
       nil
   end
 
   # @!attribute [r] modulepath
   #   Return all existent directories in the modulepath for this environment
   #   @note This value is cached so that the filesystem doesn't have to be
   #     re-enumerated every time this method is invoked, since that
   #     enumeration could be a costly operation and this method is called
   #     frequently. The cache expiry is determined by `Puppet[:filetimeout]`.
   #   @see Puppet::Util::Cacher.cached_attr
   #   @api public
   #   @return [Array<String>] All directories present in the modulepath
   cached_attr(:modulepath, Puppet[:filetimeout]) do
     dirs = self[:modulepath].split(File::PATH_SEPARATOR)
     dirs = ENV["PUPPETLIB"].split(File::PATH_SEPARATOR) + dirs if ENV["PUPPETLIB"]
     validate_dirs(dirs)
   end
 
   # @!attribute [r] modules
   #   Return all modules for this environment in the order they appear in the
   #   modulepath.
   #   @note If multiple modules with the same name are present they will
   #     both be added, but methods like {#module} and {#module_by_forge_name}
   #     will return the first matching entry in this list.
   #   @note This value is cached so that the filesystem doesn't have to be
   #     re-enumerated every time this method is invoked, since that
   #     enumeration could be a costly operation and this method is called
   #     frequently. The cache expiry is determined by `Puppet[:filetimeout]`.
   #   @see Puppet::Util::Cacher.cached_attr
   #   @api public
   #   @return [Array<Puppet::Module>] All modules for this environment
   cached_attr(:modules, Puppet[:filetimeout]) do
     module_references = []
     seen_modules = {}
     modulepath.each do |path|
       Dir.entries(path).each do |name|
         warn_about_mistaken_path(path, name)
         next if module_references.include?(name)
         if not seen_modules[name]
           module_references << {:name => name, :path => File.join(path, name)}
           seen_modules[name] = true
         end
       end
     end
 
     module_references.collect do |reference|
       begin
         Puppet::Module.new(reference[:name], reference[:path], self)
       rescue Puppet::Module::Error
         nil
       end
     end.compact
   end
 
   # Generate a warning if the given directory in a module path entry is named `lib`.
   #
   # @api private
   #
   # @param path [String] The module directory containing the given directory
   # @param name [String] The directory name
   def warn_about_mistaken_path(path, name)
     if name == "lib"
       Puppet.debug("Warning: Found directory named 'lib' in module path ('#{path}/lib'); unless " +
           "you are expecting to load a module named 'lib', your module path may be set " +
           "incorrectly.")
     end
   end
 
   # Modules broken out by directory in the modulepath
   #
   # @note This method _changes_ the current working directory while enumerating
   #   the modules. This seems rather dangerous.
   #
   # @api public
   #
   # @return [Hash<String, Array<Puppet::Module>>] A hash whose keys are file
   #   paths, and whose values is an array of Puppet Modules for that path
   def modules_by_path
     modules_by_path = {}
     modulepath.each do |path|
       Dir.chdir(path) do
         module_names = Dir.glob('*').select do |d|
           FileTest.directory?(d) && (File.basename(d) =~ /\A\w+(-\w+)*\Z/)
         end
         modules_by_path[path] = module_names.sort.map do |name|
           Puppet::Module.new(name, File.join(path, name), self)
         end
       end
     end
     modules_by_path
   end
 
   # All module requirements for all modules in the environment modulepath
   #
   # @api public
   #
   # @comment This has nothing to do with an environment. It seems like it was
   #   stuffed into the first convenient class that vaguely involved modules.
   #
   # @example
   #   environment.module_requirements
   #   # => {
   #   #   'username/amodule' => [
   #   #     {
   #   #       'name'    => 'username/moduledep',
   #   #       'version' => '1.2.3',
   #   #       'version_requirement' => '>= 1.0.0',
   #   #     },
   #   #     {
   #   #       'name'    => 'username/anotherdep',
   #   #       'version' => '4.5.6',
   #   #       'version_requirement' => '>= 3.0.0',
   #   #     }
   #   #   ]
   #   # }
   #   #
   #
   # @return [Hash<String, Array<Hash<String, String>>>] See the method example
   #   for an explanation of the return value.
   def module_requirements
     deps = {}
     modules.each do |mod|
       next unless mod.forge_name
       deps[mod.forge_name] ||= []
       mod.dependencies and mod.dependencies.each do |mod_dep|
         deps[mod_dep['name']] ||= []
         dep_details = {
           'name'                => mod.forge_name,
           'version'             => mod.version,
           'version_requirement' => mod_dep['version_requirement']
         }
         deps[mod_dep['name']] << dep_details
       end
     end
     deps.each do |mod, mod_deps|
       deps[mod] = mod_deps.sort_by {|d| d['name']}
     end
     deps
   end
 
   # @return [String] The stringified value of the `name` instance variable
   # @api public
   def to_s
     name.to_s
   end
 
   # @return [Symbol] The `name` value, cast to a string, then cast to a symbol.
   #
   # @api public
   #
   # @note the `name` instance variable is a Symbol, but this casts the value
   #   to a String and then converts it back into a Symbol which will needlessly
   #   create an object that needs to be garbage collected
   def to_sym
     to_s.to_sym
   end
 
   # Return only the environment name when serializing.
   #
   # The only thing we care about when serializing an environment is its
   # identity; everything else is ephemeral and should not be stored or
   # transmitted.
   #
   # @api public
   def to_zaml(z)
     self.to_s.to_zaml(z)
   end
 
   # Validate a list of file paths and return the paths that are directories on the filesystem
   #
   # @api private
   #
   # @param dirs [Array<String>] The file paths to validate
   # @return [Array<String>] All file paths that exist and are directories
   def validate_dirs(dirs)
     dirs.collect do |dir|
       File.expand_path(dir)
     end.find_all do |p|
       FileTest.directory?(p)
     end
   end
 
   private
 
   # Reparse the manifests for the given environment
   #
   # There are two sources that can be used for the initial parse:
   #
   #   1. The value of `Puppet.settings[:code]`: Puppet can take a string from
   #     its settings and parse that as a manifest. This is used by various
   #     Puppet applications to read in a manifest and pass it to the
   #     environment as a side effect. This is attempted first.
   #   2. The contents of `Puppet.settings[:manifest]`: Puppet will try to load
   #     the environment manifest. By default this is `$manifestdir/site.pp`
   #
   # @note This method will return an empty hostclass if
   #   `Puppet.settings[:ignoreimport]` is set to true.
   #
   # @return [Puppet::Parser::AST::Hostclass] The AST hostclass object
   #   representing the 'main' hostclass
   def perform_initial_import
     return empty_parse_result if Puppet.settings[:ignoreimport]
 #    parser = Puppet::Parser::Parser.new(self)
     parser = Puppet::Parser::ParserFactory.parser(self)
-    if code = Puppet.settings.uninterpolated_value(:code, name.to_s) and code != ""
+    if code = Puppet.settings.value(:code, name.to_s) and code != ""
       parser.string = code
     else
       file = Puppet.settings.value(:manifest, name.to_s)
       parser.file = file
     end
     parser.parse
   rescue => detail
     known_resource_types.parse_failed = true
 
     msg = "Could not parse for environment #{self}: #{detail}"
     error = Puppet::Error.new(msg)
     error.set_backtrace(detail.backtrace)
     raise error
   end
 
   # Return an empty toplevel hostclass to indicate that no file was loaded
   #
   # This is used as the return value of {#perform_initial_import} when
   # `Puppet.settings[:ignoreimport]` is true.
   #
   # @return [Puppet::Parser::AST::Hostclass]
   def empty_parse_result
     return Puppet::Parser::AST::Hostclass.new('')
   end
 
   @root = new(:'*root*')
 end
diff --git a/lib/puppet/settings.rb b/lib/puppet/settings.rb
index 6bfd3dcbc..90d3003c3 100644
--- a/lib/puppet/settings.rb
+++ b/lib/puppet/settings.rb
@@ -1,1216 +1,1249 @@
 require 'puppet'
 require 'getoptlong'
 require 'puppet/util/watched_file'
 require 'puppet/util/command_line/puppet_option_parser'
 
 # The class for handling configuration files.
 class Puppet::Settings
   include Enumerable
 
   require 'puppet/settings/errors'
   require 'puppet/settings/base_setting'
   require 'puppet/settings/string_setting'
   require 'puppet/settings/enum_setting'
   require 'puppet/settings/file_setting'
   require 'puppet/settings/directory_setting'
   require 'puppet/settings/path_setting'
   require 'puppet/settings/boolean_setting'
   require 'puppet/settings/terminus_setting'
   require 'puppet/settings/duration_setting'
   require 'puppet/settings/priority_setting'
   require 'puppet/settings/autosign_setting'
   require 'puppet/settings/config_file'
   require 'puppet/settings/value_translator'
 
   # local reference for convenience
   PuppetOptionParser = Puppet::Util::CommandLine::PuppetOptionParser
 
   attr_accessor :files
   attr_reader :timer
 
   # These are the settings that every app is required to specify; there are reasonable defaults defined in application.rb.
   REQUIRED_APP_SETTINGS = [:logdir, :confdir, :vardir]
 
   # This method is intended for puppet internal use only; it is a convenience method that
   # returns reasonable application default settings values for a given run_mode.
   def self.app_defaults_for_run_mode(run_mode)
     {
         :name     => run_mode.to_s,
         :run_mode => run_mode.name,
         :confdir  => run_mode.conf_dir,
         :vardir   => run_mode.var_dir,
         :rundir   => run_mode.run_dir,
         :logdir   => run_mode.log_dir,
     }
   end
 
   def self.default_certname()
     hostname = hostname_fact
     domain = domain_fact
     if domain and domain != ""
       fqdn = [hostname, domain].join(".")
     else
       fqdn = hostname
     end
     fqdn.to_s.gsub(/\.$/, '')
   end
 
   def self.hostname_fact()
     Facter["hostname"].value
   end
 
   def self.domain_fact()
     Facter["domain"].value
   end
 
   def self.default_config_file_name
     "puppet.conf"
   end
 
   # Create a new collection of config settings.
   def initialize
     @config = {}
     @shortnames = {}
 
     @created = []
 
     # Keep track of set values.
     @value_sets = {
       :cli => Values.new(:cli, @config),
       :memory => Values.new(:memory, @config),
       :application_defaults => Values.new(:application_defaults, @config),
     }
     @configuration_file = nil
 
     # And keep a per-environment cache
     @cache = Hash.new { |hash, key| hash[key] = {} }
 
     # The list of sections we've used.
     @used = []
 
     @hooks_to_call_on_application_initialization = []
 
     @translate = Puppet::Settings::ValueTranslator.new
     @config_file_parser = Puppet::Settings::ConfigFile.new(@translate)
   end
 
   # @param name [Symbol] The name of the setting to fetch
   # @return [Puppet::Settings::BaseSetting] The setting object
   def setting(name)
     @config[name]
   end
 
   # Retrieve a config value
   def [](param)
     value(param)
   end
 
   # Set a config value.  This doesn't set the defaults, it sets the value itself.
   def []=(param, value)
     @value_sets[:memory].set(param, value)
     unsafe_flush_cache
   end
 
   # Generate the list of valid arguments, in a format that GetoptLong can
   # understand, and add them to the passed option list.
   def addargs(options)
     # Add all of the config parameters as valid options.
     self.each { |name, setting|
       setting.getopt_args.each { |args| options << args }
     }
 
     options
   end
 
   # Generate the list of valid arguments, in a format that OptionParser can
   # understand, and add them to the passed option list.
   def optparse_addargs(options)
     # Add all of the config parameters as valid options.
     self.each { |name, setting|
       options << setting.optparse_args
     }
 
     options
   end
 
   # Is our parameter a boolean parameter?
   def boolean?(param)
     param = param.to_sym
     @config.include?(param) and @config[param].kind_of?(BooleanSetting)
   end
 
   # Remove all set values, potentially skipping cli values.
   def clear
     unsafe_clear
   end
 
   # Remove all set values, potentially skipping cli values.
   def unsafe_clear(clear_cli = true, clear_application_defaults = false)
     if clear_application_defaults
       @value_sets[:application_defaults] = Values.new(:application_defaults, @config)
       @app_defaults_initialized = false
     end
 
     if clear_cli
       @value_sets[:cli] = Values.new(:cli, @config)
 
       # Only clear the 'used' values if we were explicitly asked to clear out
       #  :cli values; otherwise, it may be just a config file reparse,
       #  and we want to retain this cli values.
       @used = []
     end
 
     @value_sets[:memory] = Values.new(:memory, @config)
 
     @cache.clear
   end
   private :unsafe_clear
 
   # Clear @cache, @used and the Environment.
   #
   # Whenever an object is returned by Settings, a copy is stored in @cache.
   # As long as Setting attributes that determine the content of returned
   # objects remain unchanged, Settings can keep returning objects from @cache
   # without re-fetching or re-generating them.
   #
   # Whenever a Settings attribute changes, such as @values or @preferred_run_mode,
   # this method must be called to clear out the caches so that updated
   # objects will be returned.
   def flush_cache
     unsafe_flush_cache
   end
 
   def unsafe_flush_cache
     clearused
 
     # Clear the list of environments, because they cache, at least, the module path.
     # We *could* preferentially just clear them if the modulepath is changed,
     # but we don't really know if, say, the vardir is changed and the modulepath
     # is defined relative to it. We need the defined?(stuff) because of loading
     # order issues.
     Puppet::Node::Environment.clear if defined?(Puppet::Node) and defined?(Puppet::Node::Environment)
   end
   private :unsafe_flush_cache
 
   def clearused
     @cache.clear
     @used = []
   end
 
   def global_defaults_initialized?()
     @global_defaults_initialized
   end
 
   def initialize_global_settings(args = [])
     raise Puppet::DevError, "Attempting to initialize global default settings more than once!" if global_defaults_initialized?
 
     # The first two phases of the lifecycle of a puppet application are:
     # 1) Parse the command line options and handle any of them that are
     #    registered, defined "global" puppet settings (mostly from defaults.rb).
     # 2) Parse the puppet config file(s).
 
     parse_global_options(args)
     parse_config_files
 
     @global_defaults_initialized = true
   end
 
   # This method is called during application bootstrapping.  It is responsible for parsing all of the
   # command line options and initializing the settings accordingly.
   #
   # It will ignore options that are not defined in the global puppet settings list, because they may
   # be valid options for the specific application that we are about to launch... however, at this point
   # in the bootstrapping lifecycle, we don't yet know what that application is.
   def parse_global_options(args)
     # Create an option parser
     option_parser = PuppetOptionParser.new
     option_parser.ignore_invalid_options = true
 
     # Add all global options to it.
     self.optparse_addargs([]).each do |option|
       option_parser.on(*option) do |arg|
         opt, val = Puppet::Settings.clean_opt(option[0], arg)
         handlearg(opt, val)
       end
     end
 
     option_parser.on('--run_mode',
                      "The effective 'run mode' of the application: master, agent, or user.",
                      :REQUIRED) do |arg|
       Puppet.settings.preferred_run_mode = arg
     end
 
     option_parser.parse(args)
 
     # remove run_mode options from the arguments so that later parses don't think
     # it is an unknown option.
     while option_index = args.index('--run_mode') do
       args.delete_at option_index
       args.delete_at option_index
     end
     args.reject! { |arg| arg.start_with? '--run_mode=' }
   end
   private :parse_global_options
 
   # A utility method (public, is used by application.rb and perhaps elsewhere) that munges a command-line
   # option string into the format that Puppet.settings expects.  (This mostly has to deal with handling the
   # "no-" prefix on flag/boolean options).
   #
   # @param [String] opt the command line option that we are munging
   # @param [String, TrueClass, FalseClass] val the value for the setting (as determined by the OptionParser)
   def self.clean_opt(opt, val)
     # rewrite --[no-]option to --no-option if that's what was given
     if opt =~ /\[no-\]/ and !val
       opt = opt.gsub(/\[no-\]/,'no-')
     end
     # otherwise remove the [no-] prefix to not confuse everybody
     opt = opt.gsub(/\[no-\]/, '')
     [opt, val]
   end
 
 
   def app_defaults_initialized?
     @app_defaults_initialized
   end
 
   def initialize_app_defaults(app_defaults)
     REQUIRED_APP_SETTINGS.each do |key|
       raise SettingsError, "missing required app default setting '#{key}'" unless app_defaults.has_key?(key)
     end
 
     app_defaults.each do |key, value|
       if key == :run_mode
         self.preferred_run_mode = value
       else
         @value_sets[:application_defaults].set(key, value)
         unsafe_flush_cache
       end
     end
     apply_metadata
     call_hooks_deferred_to_application_initialization
 
     @app_defaults_initialized = true
   end
 
   def call_hooks_deferred_to_application_initialization(options = {})
     @hooks_to_call_on_application_initialization.each do |setting|
       begin
         setting.handle(self.value(setting.name))
       rescue InterpolationError => err
         raise err unless options[:ignore_interpolation_dependency_errors]
         #swallow. We're not concerned if we can't call hooks because dependencies don't exist yet
         #we'll get another chance after application defaults are initialized
       end
     end
   end
   private :call_hooks_deferred_to_application_initialization
 
-  # Do variable interpolation on the value.
-  def convert(value, environment = nil)
-    return nil if value.nil?
-    return value unless value.is_a? String
-    newval = value.gsub(/\$(\w+)|\$\{(\w+)\}/) do |value|
-      varname = $2 || $1
-      if varname == "environment" and environment
-        environment
-      elsif varname == "run_mode"
-        preferred_run_mode
-      elsif pval = self.value(varname, environment)
-        pval
-      else
-        raise InterpolationError, "Could not find value for #{value}"
-      end
-    end
-
-    newval
-  end
-
   # Return a value's description.
   def description(name)
     if obj = @config[name.to_sym]
       obj.desc
     else
       nil
     end
   end
 
   def each
     @config.each { |name, object|
       yield name, object
     }
   end
 
   # Iterate over each section name.
   def eachsection
     yielded = []
     @config.each do |name, object|
       section = object.section
       unless yielded.include? section
         yield section
         yielded << section
       end
     end
   end
 
   # Return an object by name.
   def setting(param)
     param = param.to_sym
     @config[param]
   end
 
   # Handle a command-line argument.
   def handlearg(opt, value = nil)
     @cache.clear
 
     if value.is_a?(FalseClass)
       value = "false"
     elsif value.is_a?(TrueClass)
       value = "true"
     end
 
     value &&= @translate[value]
     str = opt.sub(/^--/,'')
 
     bool = true
     newstr = str.sub(/^no-/, '')
     if newstr != str
       str = newstr
       bool = false
     end
     str = str.intern
 
     if @config[str].is_a?(Puppet::Settings::BooleanSetting)
       if value == "" or value.nil?
         value = bool
       end
     end
 
     @value_sets[:cli].set(str, value)
     unsafe_flush_cache
   end
 
   def include?(name)
     name = name.intern if name.is_a? String
     @config.include?(name)
   end
 
   # check to see if a short name is already defined
   def shortinclude?(short)
     short = short.intern if name.is_a? String
     @shortnames.include?(short)
   end
 
   # Prints the contents of a config file with the available config settings, or it
   # prints a single value of a config setting.
   def print_config_options
     env = value(:environment)
     val = value(:configprint)
     if val == "all"
       hash = {}
       each do |name, obj|
         val = value(name,env)
         val = val.inspect if val == ""
         hash[name] = val
       end
       hash.sort { |a,b| a[0].to_s <=> b[0].to_s }.each do |name, val|
         puts "#{name} = #{val}"
       end
     else
       val.split(/\s*,\s*/).sort.each do |v|
         if include?(v)
           #if there is only one value, just print it for back compatibility
           if v == val
             puts value(val,env)
             break
           end
           puts "#{v} = #{value(v,env)}"
         else
           puts "invalid parameter: #{v}"
           return false
         end
       end
     end
     true
   end
 
   def generate_config
     puts to_config
     true
   end
 
   def generate_manifest
     puts to_manifest
     true
   end
 
   def print_configs
     return print_config_options if value(:configprint) != ""
     return generate_config if value(:genconfig)
     generate_manifest if value(:genmanifest)
   end
 
   def print_configs?
     (value(:configprint) != "" || value(:genconfig) || value(:genmanifest)) && true
   end
 
   # Return a given object's file metadata.
   def metadata(param)
     if obj = @config[param.to_sym] and obj.is_a?(FileSetting)
       return [:owner, :group, :mode].inject({}) do |meta, p|
         if v = obj.send(p)
           meta[p] = v
         end
         meta
       end
     else
       nil
     end
   end
 
   # Make a directory with the appropriate user, group, and mode
   def mkdir(default)
     obj = get_config_file_default(default)
 
     Puppet::Util::SUIDManager.asuser(obj.owner, obj.group) do
       mode = obj.mode || 0750
       Dir.mkdir(obj.value, mode)
     end
   end
 
   # The currently configured run mode that is preferred for constructing the application configuration.
   def preferred_run_mode
     @preferred_run_mode_name || :user
   end
 
   # PRIVATE!  This only exists because we need a hook to validate the run mode when it's being set, and
   #  it should never, ever, ever, ever be called from outside of this file.
   # This method is also called when --run_mode MODE is used on the command line to set the default
   #
   # @param mode [String|Symbol] the name of the mode to have in effect
   # @api private
   def preferred_run_mode=(mode)
     mode = mode.to_s.downcase.intern
     raise ValidationError, "Invalid run mode '#{mode}'" unless [:master, :agent, :user].include?(mode)
     @preferred_run_mode_name = mode
     # Changing the run mode has far-reaching consequences. Flush any cached
     # settings so they will be re-generated.
     flush_cache
     mode
   end
 
   # Return all of the parameters associated with a given section.
   def params(section = nil)
     if section
       section = section.intern if section.is_a? String
       @config.find_all { |name, obj|
         obj.section == section
       }.collect { |name, obj|
         name
       }
     else
       @config.keys
     end
   end
 
   def parse_config(text, file = "text")
     begin
       data = @config_file_parser.parse_file(file, text)
     rescue => detail
       Puppet.log_exception(detail, "Could not parse #{file}: #{detail}")
       return
     end
 
     # If we get here and don't have any data, we just return and don't muck with the current state of the world.
     return if data.nil?
 
     # If we get here then we have some data, so we need to clear out any previous settings that may have come from
     #  config files.
     unsafe_clear(false, false)
 
     # And now we can repopulate with the values from our last parsing of the config files.
     @configuration_file = data
     data.sections.each do |name, section|
       section.settings.each do |setting|
-        if type = @config[setting.name]
+        if setting.has_metadata? && type = @config[setting.name]
           type.set_meta(setting.meta)
         end
       end
     end
 
     # Determine our environment, if we have one.
     if @config[:environment]
       env = self.value(:environment).to_sym
     else
       env = "none"
     end
 
     # Call any hooks we should be calling.
     @config.values.each do |setting|
-      value_sets_for(env).each do |source|
+      value_sets_for(env, self.preferred_run_mode).each do |source|
         if source.include?(setting.name)
           # We still have to use value to retrieve the value, since
           # we want the fully interpolated value, not $vardir/lib or whatever.
           # This results in extra work, but so few of the settings
           # will have associated hooks that it ends up being less work this
           # way overall.
           if setting.call_hook_on_initialize?
             @hooks_to_call_on_application_initialization << setting
           else
             setting.handle(self.value(setting.name, env))
           end
           break
         end
       end
     end
 
     call_hooks_deferred_to_application_initialization :ignore_interpolation_dependency_errors => true
   end
 
   # Parse the configuration file.  Just provides thread safety.
   def parse_config_files
     file = which_configuration_file
     if Puppet::FileSystem::File.exist?(file)
       begin
         text = read_file(file)
       rescue => detail
         Puppet.log_exception(detail, "Could not load #{file}: #{detail}")
         return
       end
     else
       return
     end
 
     parse_config(text, file)
   end
   private :parse_config_files
 
   def main_config_file
     if explicit_config_file?
       return self[:config]
     else
       return File.join(Puppet::Util::RunMode[:master].conf_dir, config_file_name)
     end
   end
   private :main_config_file
 
   def user_config_file
     return File.join(Puppet::Util::RunMode[:user].conf_dir, config_file_name)
   end
   private :user_config_file
 
   # This method is here to get around some life-cycle issues.  We need to be
   # able to determine the config file name before the settings / defaults are
   # fully loaded.  However, we also need to respect any overrides of this value
   # that the user may have specified on the command line.
   #
   # The easiest way to do this is to attempt to read the setting, and if we
   # catch an error (meaning that it hasn't been set yet), we'll fall back to
   # the default value.
   def config_file_name
     begin
       return self[:config_file_name] if self[:config_file_name]
     rescue SettingsError
       # This just means that the setting wasn't explicitly set on the command line, so we will ignore it and
       #  fall through to the default name.
     end
     return self.class.default_config_file_name
   end
   private :config_file_name
 
   def apply_metadata
     # We have to do it in the reverse of the search path,
     # because multiple sections could set the same value
     # and I'm too lazy to only set the metadata once.
     if @configuration_file
       searchpath.reverse.each do |source|
         source = preferred_run_mode if source == :run_mode
         if section = @configuration_file.sections[source]
           section.settings.each do |setting|
             @config[setting.name].set_meta(setting.meta)
           end
         end
       end
     end
   end
   private :apply_metadata
 
   SETTING_TYPES = {
       :string     => StringSetting,
       :file       => FileSetting,
       :directory  => DirectorySetting,
       :path       => PathSetting,
       :boolean    => BooleanSetting,
       :terminus   => TerminusSetting,
       :duration   => DurationSetting,
       :enum       => EnumSetting,
       :priority   => PrioritySetting,
       :autosign   => AutosignSetting,
   }
 
   # Create a new setting.  The value is passed in because it's used to determine
   # what kind of setting we're creating, but the value itself might be either
   # a default or a value, so we can't actually assign it.
   #
   # See #define_settings for documentation on the legal values for the ":type" option.
   def newsetting(hash)
     klass = nil
     hash[:section] = hash[:section].to_sym if hash[:section]
 
     if type = hash[:type]
       unless klass = SETTING_TYPES[type]
         raise ArgumentError, "Invalid setting type '#{type}'"
       end
       hash.delete(:type)
     else
       # The only implicit typing we still do for settings is to fall back to "String" type if they didn't explicitly
       # specify a type.  Personally I'd like to get rid of this too, and make the "type" option mandatory... but
       # there was a little resistance to taking things quite that far for now.  --cprice 2012-03-19
       klass = StringSetting
     end
     hash[:settings] = self
     setting = klass.new(hash)
 
     setting
   end
 
   # This has to be private, because it doesn't add the settings to @config
   private :newsetting
 
   # Iterate across all of the objects in a given section.
   def persection(section)
     section = section.to_sym
     self.each { |name, obj|
       if obj.section == section
         yield obj
       end
     }
   end
 
   # Reparse our config file, if necessary.
   def reparse_config_files
     if files
       if filename = any_files_changed?
         Puppet.notice "Config file #{filename} changed; triggering re-parse of all config files."
         parse_config_files
         reuse
       end
     end
   end
 
   def files
     return @files if @files
     @files = []
     [main_config_file, user_config_file].each do |path|
       if Puppet::FileSystem::File.exist?(path)
         @files << Puppet::Util::WatchedFile.new(path)
       end
     end
     @files
   end
   private :files
 
   # Checks to see if any of the config files have been modified
   # @return the filename of the first file that is found to have changed, or
   #   nil if no files have changed
   def any_files_changed?
     files.each do |file|
       return file.to_str if file.changed?
     end
     nil
   end
   private :any_files_changed?
 
   def reuse
     return unless defined?(@used)
     new = @used
     @used = []
     self.use(*new)
   end
 
   # The order in which to search for values.
   def searchpath(environment = nil)
     if environment
       [:cli, :memory, environment, :run_mode, :main, :application_defaults]
     else
       [:cli, :memory, :run_mode, :main, :application_defaults]
     end
   end
 
   # Get a list of objects per section
   def sectionlist
     sectionlist = []
     self.each { |name, obj|
       section = obj.section || "puppet"
       sections[section] ||= []
       sectionlist << section unless sectionlist.include?(section)
       sections[section] << obj
     }
 
     return sectionlist, sections
   end
 
   def service_user_available?
     return @service_user_available if defined?(@service_user_available)
 
     if self[:user]
       user = Puppet::Type.type(:user).new :name => self[:user], :audit => :ensure
 
       @service_user_available = user.exists?
     else
       @service_user_available = false
     end
   end
 
   def service_group_available?
     return @service_group_available if defined?(@service_group_available)
 
     if self[:group]
       group = Puppet::Type.type(:group).new :name => self[:group], :audit => :ensure
 
       @service_group_available = group.exists?
     else
       @service_group_available = false
     end
   end
 
   # Allow later inspection to determine if the setting was set on the
   # command line, or through some other code path.  Used for the
   # `dns_alt_names` option during cert generate. --daniel 2011-10-18
   def set_by_cli?(param)
     param = param.to_sym
     !@value_sets[:cli].lookup(param).nil?
   end
 
   def set_value(param, value, type, options = {})
     Puppet.deprecation_warning("Puppet.settings.set_value is deprecated. Use Puppet[] instead.")
     if @value_sets[type]
       @value_sets[type].set(param, value)
     end
   end
 
   # Deprecated; use #define_settings instead
   def setdefaults(section, defs)
     Puppet.deprecation_warning("'setdefaults' is deprecated and will be removed; please call 'define_settings' instead")
     define_settings(section, defs)
   end
 
   # Define a group of settings.
   #
   # @param [Symbol] section a symbol to use for grouping multiple settings together into a conceptual unit.  This value
   #   (and the conceptual separation) is not used very often; the main place where it will have a potential impact
   #   is when code calls Settings#use method.  See docs on that method for further details, but basically that method
   #   just attempts to do any preparation that may be necessary before code attempts to leverage the value of a particular
   #   setting.  This has the most impact for file/directory settings, where #use will attempt to "ensure" those
   #   files / directories.
   # @param [Hash[Hash]] defs the settings to be defined.  This argument is a hash of hashes; each key should be a symbol,
   #   which is basically the name of the setting that you are defining.  The value should be another hash that specifies
   #   the parameters for the particular setting.  Legal values include:
   #    [:default] => required; this is a string value that will be used as a default value for a setting if no other
   #       value is specified (via cli, config file, etc.)  This string may include "variables", demarcated with $ or ${},
   #       which will be interpolated with values of other settings.
   #    [:desc] => required; a description of the setting, used in documentation / help generation
   #    [:type] => not required, but highly encouraged!  This specifies the data type that the setting represents.  If
   #       you do not specify it, it will default to "string".  Legal values include:
   #       :string - A generic string setting
   #       :boolean - A boolean setting; values are expected to be "true" or "false"
   #       :file - A (single) file path; puppet may attempt to create this file depending on how the settings are used.  This type
   #           also supports additional options such as "mode", "owner", "group"
   #       :directory - A (single) directory path; puppet may attempt to create this file depending on how the settings are used.  This type
   #           also supports additional options such as "mode", "owner", "group"
   #       :path - This is intended to be used for settings whose value can contain multiple directory paths, respresented
   #           as strings separated by the system path separator (e.g. system path, module path, etc.).
   #     [:mode] => an (optional) octal value to be used as the permissions/mode for :file and :directory settings
   #     [:owner] => optional owner username/uid for :file and :directory settings
   #     [:group] => optional group name/gid for :file and :directory settings
   #
   def define_settings(section, defs)
     section = section.to_sym
     call = []
     defs.each do |name, hash|
       raise ArgumentError, "setting definition for '#{name}' is not a hash!" unless hash.is_a? Hash
 
       name = name.to_sym
       hash[:name] = name
       hash[:section] = section
       raise ArgumentError, "Parameter #{name} is already defined" if @config.include?(name)
       tryconfig = newsetting(hash)
       if short = tryconfig.short
         if other = @shortnames[short]
           raise ArgumentError, "Parameter #{other.name} is already using short name '#{short}'"
         end
         @shortnames[short] = tryconfig
       end
       @config[name] = tryconfig
 
       # Collect the settings that need to have their hooks called immediately.
       # We have to collect them so that we can be sure we're fully initialized before
       # the hook is called.
       if tryconfig.call_hook_on_define?
         call << tryconfig
       elsif tryconfig.call_hook_on_initialize?
         @hooks_to_call_on_application_initialization << tryconfig
       end
     end
 
     call.each { |setting| setting.handle(self.value(setting.name)) }
   end
 
   # Convert the settings we manage into a catalog full of resources that model those settings.
   def to_catalog(*sections)
     sections = nil if sections.empty?
 
     catalog = Puppet::Resource::Catalog.new("Settings")
 
     @config.keys.find_all { |key| @config[key].is_a?(FileSetting) }.each do |key|
       file = @config[key]
       next unless (sections.nil? or sections.include?(file.section))
       next unless resource = file.to_resource
       next if catalog.resource(resource.ref)
 
       Puppet.debug("Using settings: adding file resource '#{key}': '#{resource.inspect}'")
 
       catalog.add_resource(resource)
     end
 
     add_user_resources(catalog, sections)
 
     catalog
   end
 
   # Convert our list of config settings into a configuration file.
   def to_config
     str = %{The configuration file for #{Puppet.run_mode.name}.  Note that this file
 is likely to have unused configuration parameters in it; any parameter that's
 valid anywhere in Puppet can be in any config file, even if it's not used.
 
 Every section can specify three special parameters: owner, group, and mode.
 These parameters affect the required permissions of any files specified after
 their specification.  Puppet will sometimes use these parameters to check its
 own configured state, so they can be used to make Puppet a bit more self-managing.
 
 The file format supports octothorpe-commented lines, but not partial-line comments.
 
 Generated on #{Time.now}.
 
 }.gsub(/^/, "# ")
 
 #         Add a section heading that matches our name.
     str += "[#{preferred_run_mode}]\n"
     eachsection do |section|
       persection(section) do |obj|
         str += obj.to_config + "\n" unless obj.name == :genconfig
       end
     end
 
     return str
   end
 
   # Convert to a parseable manifest
   def to_manifest
     catalog = to_catalog
     catalog.resource_refs.collect do |ref|
       catalog.resource(ref).to_manifest
     end.join("\n\n")
   end
 
   # Create the necessary objects to use a section.  This is idempotent;
   # you can 'use' a section as many times as you want.
   def use(*sections)
     sections = sections.collect { |s| s.to_sym }
     sections = sections.reject { |s| @used.include?(s) }
 
     return if sections.empty?
 
     begin
       catalog = to_catalog(*sections).to_ral
     rescue => detail
       Puppet.log_and_raise(detail, "Could not create resources for managing Puppet's files and directories in sections #{sections.inspect}: #{detail}")
     end
 
     catalog.host_config = false
     catalog.apply do |transaction|
       if transaction.any_failed?
         report = transaction.report
         failures = report.logs.find_all { |log| log.level == :err }
         raise "Got #{failures.length} failure(s) while initializing: #{failures.collect { |l| l.to_s }.join("; ")}"
       end
     end
 
     sections.each { |s| @used << s }
     @used.uniq!
   end
 
   def valid?(param)
     param = param.to_sym
     @config.has_key?(param)
   end
 
   def uninterpolated_value(param, environment = nil)
+    Puppet.deprecation_warning("Puppet.settings.uninterpolated_value is deprecated. Use Puppet.settings.value instead")
     param = param.to_sym
     environment &&= environment.to_sym
 
-    # See if we can find it within our searchable list of values
-    val = find_value(environment, param)
-
-    # If we didn't get a value, use the default
-    val = @config[param].default if val.nil?
-
-    val
+    values(environment, self.preferred_run_mode).lookup(param)
   end
 
-  def find_value(environment, param)
-    ChainedValues.new(value_sets_for(environment) + [ValuesFromDefaults.new(@config)]).lookup(param)
+  # Retrieve an object that can be used for looking up values of configuration
+  # settings.
+  #
+  # @param environment [Symbol] The name of the environment in which to lookup
+  # @param section [Symbol] The name of the configuration section in which to lookup
+  # @return [Puppet::Settings::ChainedValues] An object to perform lookups
+  # @api public
+  def values(environment, section)
+    ChainedValues.new(
+      section,
+      environment,
+      value_sets_for(environment, section) +
+      [ValuesFromDefaults.new(@config)],
+      @config)
   end
-  private :find_value
 
   # Find the correct value using our search path.
   #
   # @param param [String, Symbol] The value to look up
   # @param environment [String, Symbol] The environment to check for the value
   # @param bypass_interpolation [true, false] Whether to skip interpolation
   #
   # @return [Object] The looked up value
   #
   # @raise [InterpolationError]
   def value(param, environment = nil, bypass_interpolation = false)
     param = param.to_sym
     environment &&= environment.to_sym
 
     setting = @config[param]
 
     # Short circuit to nil for undefined parameters.
-    return nil unless @config.include?(param)
-
-    # Yay, recursion.
-    #self.reparse unless [:config, :filetimeout].include?(param)
+    return nil if setting.nil?
 
     # Check the cache first.  It needs to be a per-environment
     # cache so that we don't spread values from one env
     # to another.
     if @cache[environment||"none"].has_key?(param)
       return @cache[environment||"none"][param]
+    elsif bypass_interpolation
+      val = values(environment, self.preferred_run_mode).lookup(param)
+    else
+      val = values(environment, self.preferred_run_mode).interpolate(param)
     end
 
-    val = uninterpolated_value(param, environment)
-
-    return val if bypass_interpolation
-    if param == :code
-      # if we interpolate code, all hell breaks loose.
-      return val
-    end
-
-    # Convert it if necessary
-    begin
-      val = convert(val, environment)
-    rescue InterpolationError => err
-      # This happens because we don't have access to the param name when the
-      # exception is originally raised, but we want it in the message
-      raise InterpolationError, "Error converting value for param '#{param}': #{err}", err.backtrace
-    end
-
-    val = setting.munge(val) if setting.respond_to?(:munge)
-    # And cache it
     @cache[environment||"none"][param] = val
     val
   end
 
   ##
   # (#15337) All of the logic to determine the configuration file to use
   #   should be centralized into this method.  The simplified approach is:
   #
   # 1. If there is an explicit configuration file, use that.  (--confdir or
   #    --config)
   # 2. If we're running as a root process, use the system puppet.conf
   #    (usually /etc/puppet/puppet.conf)
   # 3. Otherwise, use the user puppet.conf (usually ~/.puppet/puppet.conf)
   #
   # @api private
   # @todo this code duplicates {Puppet::Util::RunMode#which_dir} as described
   #   in {http://projects.puppetlabs.com/issues/16637 #16637}
   def which_configuration_file
     if explicit_config_file? or Puppet.features.root? then
       return main_config_file
     else
       return user_config_file
     end
   end
 
 
   private
 
   def get_config_file_default(default)
     obj = nil
     unless obj = @config[default]
       raise ArgumentError, "Unknown default #{default}"
     end
 
     raise ArgumentError, "Default #{default} is not a file" unless obj.is_a? FileSetting
 
     obj
   end
 
   def add_user_resources(catalog, sections)
     return unless Puppet.features.root?
     return if Puppet.features.microsoft_windows?
     return unless self[:mkusers]
 
     @config.each do |name, setting|
       next unless setting.respond_to?(:owner)
       next unless sections.nil? or sections.include?(setting.section)
 
       if user = setting.owner and user != "root" and catalog.resource(:user, user).nil?
         resource = Puppet::Resource.new(:user, user, :parameters => {:ensure => :present})
         resource[:gid] = self[:group] if self[:group]
         catalog.add_resource resource
       end
       if group = setting.group and ! %w{root wheel}.include?(group) and catalog.resource(:group, group).nil?
         catalog.add_resource Puppet::Resource.new(:group, group, :parameters => {:ensure => :present})
       end
     end
   end
 
   # Yield each search source in turn.
-  def value_sets_for(environment)
+  def value_sets_for(environment, mode)
     searchpath(environment).collect do |name|
       case name
       when :cli, :memory, :application_defaults
         @value_sets[name]
       when :run_mode
         if @configuration_file
-          section = @configuration_file.sections[self.preferred_run_mode]
+          section = @configuration_file.sections[mode]
           if section
-            ValuesFromSection.new(self.preferred_run_mode, section)
+            ValuesFromSection.new(mode, section)
           end
         end
       else
         if @configuration_file
           section = @configuration_file.sections[name]
           if section
             ValuesFromSection.new(name, section)
           end
         end
       end
     end.compact
   end
 
   # This method just turns a file in to a hash of hashes.
   def parse_file(file)
     @config_file_parser.parse_file(file, read_file(file))
   end
 
   # Read the file in.
   def read_file(file)
     begin
       return File.read(file)
     rescue Errno::ENOENT
       raise ArgumentError, "No such file #{file}"
     rescue Errno::EACCES
       raise ArgumentError, "Permission denied to file #{file}"
     end
   end
 
   # Private method for internal test use only; allows to do a comprehensive clear of all settings between tests.
   #
   # @return nil
   def clear_everything_for_tests()
     unsafe_clear(true, true)
     @global_defaults_initialized = false
     @app_defaults_initialized = false
   end
   private :clear_everything_for_tests
 
   def explicit_config_file?
     # Figure out if the user has provided an explicit configuration file.  If
     # so, return the path to the file, if not return nil.
     #
     # The easiest way to determine whether an explicit one has been specified
     #  is to simply attempt to evaluate the value of ":config".  This will
     #  obviously be successful if they've passed an explicit value for :config,
     #  but it will also result in successful interpolation if they've only
     #  passed an explicit value for :confdir.
     #
     # If they've specified neither, then the interpolation will fail and we'll
     #  get an exception.
     #
     begin
       return true if self[:config]
     rescue InterpolationError
       # This means we failed to interpolate, which means that they didn't
       #  explicitly specify either :config or :confdir... so we'll fall out to
       #  the default value.
       return false
     end
   end
   private :explicit_config_file?
 
+  # Lookup configuration setting value through a chain of different value sources.
+  #
+  # @api public
   class ChainedValues
-    def initialize(value_sets)
+    # @see Puppet::Settings.values
+    # @api private
+    def initialize(mode, environment, value_sets, defaults)
+      @mode = mode
+      @environment = environment
       @value_sets = value_sets
+      @defaults = defaults
     end
 
+    # Lookup the uninterpolated value.
+    #
+    # @param name [Symbol] The configuration setting name to look up
+    # @return [Object] The configuration setting value or nil if the setting is not known
+    # @api public
     def lookup(name)
       @value_sets.each do |set|
         if set.include?(name)
           return set.lookup(name)
         end
       end
       nil
     end
+
+    # Lookup the interpolated value. All instances of `$name` in the value will
+    # be replaced by performing a lookup of `name` and substituting the text
+    # for `$name` in the original value. This interpolation is only performed
+    # if the looked up value is a String.
+    #
+    # @param name [Symbol] The configuration setting name to look up
+    # @return [Object] The configuration setting value or nil if the setting is not known
+    # @api public
+    def interpolate(name)
+      setting = @defaults[name]
+
+      if setting
+        val = lookup(name)
+        # if we interpolate code, all hell breaks loose.
+        if name == :code
+          val
+        else
+          # Convert it if necessary
+          begin
+            val = convert(val)
+          rescue InterpolationError => err
+            # This happens because we don't have access to the param name when the
+            # exception is originally raised, but we want it in the message
+            raise InterpolationError, "Error converting value for param '#{name}': #{err}", err.backtrace
+          end
+
+          setting.munge(val)
+        end
+      else
+        nil
+      end
+    end
+
+    private
+
+    def convert(value)
+      return nil if value.nil?
+      return value unless value.is_a? String
+      value.gsub(/\$(\w+)|\$\{(\w+)\}/) do |value|
+        varname = $2 || $1
+        if varname == "environment"
+          @environment
+        elsif varname == "run_mode"
+          @mode
+        elsif pval = interpolate(varname.to_sym)
+          pval
+        else
+          raise InterpolationError, "Could not find value for #{value}"
+        end
+      end
+    end
   end
 
   class ValuesFromDefaults
     def initialize(defaults)
       @defaults = defaults
     end
 
     def include?(name)
       @defaults.include?(name)
     end
 
     def lookup(name)
       @defaults[name].default
     end
   end
 
   class Values
     def initialize(name, defaults)
       @name = name
       @values = {}
       @defaults = defaults
     end
 
     def include?(name)
       @values.include?(name)
     end
 
     def set(name, value)
       if !@defaults[name]
         raise ArgumentError,
           "Attempt to assign a value to unknown configuration parameter #{name.inspect}"
       end
 
       @defaults[name].handle(value)
 
       @values[name] = value
     end
 
     def lookup(name)
       @values[name]
     end
   end
 
   class ValuesFromSection
     def initialize(name, section)
       @name = name
       @section = section
     end
 
     def include?(name)
       !@section.setting(name).nil?
     end
 
     def lookup(name)
       @section.setting(name).value
     end
   end
 end
diff --git a/lib/puppet/settings/config_file.rb b/lib/puppet/settings/config_file.rb
index 3b53a202b..12f31fd9f 100644
--- a/lib/puppet/settings/config_file.rb
+++ b/lib/puppet/settings/config_file.rb
@@ -1,128 +1,133 @@
 require 'puppet/settings/ini_file'
 
 ##
 # @api private
 #
 # Parses puppet configuration files
 #
 class Puppet::Settings::ConfigFile
 
   ##
   # @param value_converter [Proc] a function that will convert strings into ruby types
   #
   def initialize(value_converter)
     @value_converter = value_converter
   end
 
   def parse_file(file, text)
     result = Conf.new
 
     ini = Puppet::Settings::IniFile.parse(StringIO.new(text))
     ini.sections.each do |section|
       section_name = section.name.intern
       fail_when_illegal_section_name(section_name, file, section.line_number)
       section_config = Section.new(section_name)
       result.with_section(section_config)
 
       ini.lines_in(section.name).each do |line|
         if line.is_a?(Puppet::Settings::IniFile::SettingLine)
           parse_setting(line, section_config)
         elsif line.text !~ /^\s*#|^\s*$/
           raise Puppet::Settings::ParseError.new("Could not match line #{line.text}", file, line.line_number)
         end
       end
     end
 
     result
   end
 
   Conf = Struct.new(:sections) do
     def initialize
       super({})
     end
 
     def with_section(section)
       sections[section.name] = section
       self
     end
   end
 
   Section = Struct.new(:name, :settings) do
     def initialize(name)
       super(name, [])
     end
 
     def with_setting(name, value, meta)
       settings << Setting.new(name, value, meta)
       self
     end
 
     def setting(name)
       settings.find { |setting| setting.name == name }
     end
   end
 
-  Setting = Struct.new(:name, :value, :meta)
+  Setting = Struct.new(:name, :value, :meta) do
+    def has_metadata?
+      meta != NO_META
+    end
+  end
+
   Meta = Struct.new(:owner, :group, :mode)
   NO_META = Meta.new(nil, nil, nil)
 
 private
 
   def parse_setting(setting, section)
     var = setting.name.intern
 
     # We don't want to munge modes, because they're specified in octal, so we'll
     # just leave them as a String, since Puppet handles that case correctly.
     if var == :mode
       value = setting.value
     else
       value = @value_converter[setting.value]
     end
 
     # Check to see if this is a file argument and it has extra options
     begin
       if value.is_a?(String) and options = extract_fileinfo(value)
         section.with_setting(var, options[:value], Meta.new(options[:owner],
                                                             options[:group],
                                                             options[:mode]))
       else
         section.with_setting(var, value, NO_META)
       end
     rescue Puppet::Error => detail
       raise Puppet::Settings::ParseError.new(detail.message, file, setting.line_number, detail)
     end
   end
 
   def empty_section
     { :_meta => {} }
   end
 
   def fail_when_illegal_section_name(section, file, line)
     if section == :application_defaults or section == :global_defaults
       raise Puppet::Error, "Illegal section '#{section}' in config file #{file} at line #{line}"
     end
   end
 
   def extract_fileinfo(string)
     result = {}
     value = string.sub(/\{\s*([^}]+)\s*\}/) do
       params = $1
       params.split(/\s*,\s*/).each do |str|
         if str =~ /^\s*(\w+)\s*=\s*([\w\d]+)\s*$/
           param, value = $1.intern, $2
           result[param] = value
           raise ArgumentError, "Invalid file option '#{param}'" unless [:owner, :mode, :group].include?(param)
 
           if param == :mode and value !~ /^\d+$/
             raise ArgumentError, "File modes must be numbers"
           end
         else
           raise ArgumentError, "Could not parse '#{string}'"
         end
       end
       ''
     end
     result[:value] = value.sub(/\s*$/, '')
     result
   end
 end
diff --git a/spec/unit/face/config_spec.rb b/spec/unit/face/config_spec.rb
index 1d1aee43f..cb6ef7490 100755
--- a/spec/unit/face/config_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/unit/face/config_spec.rb
@@ -1,31 +1,40 @@
 #! /usr/bin/env ruby
 require 'spec_helper'
 require 'puppet/face'
 
 describe Puppet::Face[:config, '0.0.1'] do
-  it "should use Settings#print_config_options when asked to print" do
-    Puppet.settings.stubs(:puts)
-    Puppet.settings.expects(:print_config_options)
-    subject.print
+  it "prints a single setting without the name" do
+    Puppet[:trace] = true
+
+    subject.expects(:puts).with(true)
+
+    subject.print("trace").should be_nil
   end
 
-  it "should set 'configprint' to all desired values and call print_config_options when a specific value is provided" do
-    Puppet.settings.stubs(:puts)
-    Puppet.settings.expects(:print_config_options)
-    subject.print("libdir", "ssldir")
-    Puppet.settings[:configprint].should == "libdir,ssldir"
+  it "prints multiple settings with the names" do
+    Puppet[:trace] = true
+    Puppet[:syslogfacility] = "file"
+
+    subject.expects(:puts).with("trace = true")
+    subject.expects(:puts).with("syslogfacility = file")
+
+    subject.print("trace", "syslogfacility")
   end
 
-  it "should always return nil" do
-    Puppet.settings.stubs(:puts)
-    Puppet.settings.expects(:print_config_options)
-    subject.print("libdir").should be_nil
+  it "prints the setting from the selected section" do
+    Puppet.settings.parse_config(<<-CONF)
+    [other]
+    syslogfacility = file
+    CONF
+
+    subject.expects(:puts).with("file")
+
+    subject.print("syslogfacility", :section => "other")
   end
 
   it "should default to all when no arguments are given" do
-    Puppet.settings.stubs(:puts)
-    Puppet.settings.expects(:print_config_options)
+    subject.expects(:puts).times(Puppet.settings.to_a.length)
+
     subject.print
-    Puppet.settings[:configprint].should == "all"
   end
 end
diff --git a/spec/unit/settings_spec.rb b/spec/unit/settings_spec.rb
index d132c8d2d..4306514b1 100755
--- a/spec/unit/settings_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/unit/settings_spec.rb
@@ -1,1677 +1,1663 @@
 #! /usr/bin/env ruby
 require 'spec_helper'
 require 'ostruct'
 require 'puppet/settings/errors'
 
 describe Puppet::Settings do
   include PuppetSpec::Files
 
   let(:main_config_file_default_location) do
     File.join(Puppet::Util::RunMode[:master].conf_dir, "puppet.conf")
   end
 
   let(:user_config_file_default_location) do
     File.join(Puppet::Util::RunMode[:user].conf_dir, "puppet.conf")
   end
 
   describe "when specifying defaults" do
     before do
       @settings = Puppet::Settings.new
     end
 
     it "should start with no defined parameters" do
       @settings.params.length.should == 0
     end
 
     it "should not allow specification of default values associated with a section as an array" do
       expect {
         @settings.define_settings(:section, :myvalue => ["defaultval", "my description"])
       }.to raise_error
     end
 
     it "should not allow duplicate parameter specifications" do
       @settings.define_settings(:section, :myvalue => { :default => "a", :desc => "b" })
       lambda { @settings.define_settings(:section, :myvalue => { :default => "c", :desc => "d" }) }.should raise_error(ArgumentError)
     end
 
     it "should allow specification of default values associated with a section as a hash" do
       @settings.define_settings(:section, :myvalue => {:default => "defaultval", :desc => "my description"})
     end
 
     it "should consider defined parameters to be valid" do
       @settings.define_settings(:section, :myvalue => { :default => "defaultval", :desc => "my description" })
       @settings.valid?(:myvalue).should be_true
     end
 
     it "should require a description when defaults are specified with a hash" do
       lambda { @settings.define_settings(:section, :myvalue => {:default => "a value"}) }.should raise_error(ArgumentError)
     end
 
     it "should support specifying owner, group, and mode when specifying files" do
       @settings.define_settings(:section, :myvalue => {:type => :file, :default => "/some/file", :owner => "service", :mode => "boo", :group => "service", :desc => "whatever"})
     end
 
     it "should support specifying a short name" do
       @settings.define_settings(:section, :myvalue => {:default => "w", :desc => "b", :short => "m"})
     end
 
     it "should support specifying the setting type" do
       @settings.define_settings(:section, :myvalue => {:default => "/w", :desc => "b", :type => :string})
       @settings.setting(:myvalue).should be_instance_of(Puppet::Settings::StringSetting)
     end
 
     it "should fail if an invalid setting type is specified" do
       lambda { @settings.define_settings(:section, :myvalue => {:default => "w", :desc => "b", :type => :foo}) }.should raise_error(ArgumentError)
     end
 
     it "should fail when short names conflict" do
       @settings.define_settings(:section, :myvalue => {:default => "w", :desc => "b", :short => "m"})
       lambda { @settings.define_settings(:section, :myvalue => {:default => "w", :desc => "b", :short => "m"}) }.should raise_error(ArgumentError)
     end
   end
 
 
   describe "when initializing application defaults do" do
     let(:default_values) do
       values = {}
       PuppetSpec::Settings::TEST_APP_DEFAULT_DEFINITIONS.keys.each do |key|
         values[key] = 'default value'
       end
       values
     end
 
     before do
       @settings = Puppet::Settings.new
       @settings.define_settings(:main, PuppetSpec::Settings::TEST_APP_DEFAULT_DEFINITIONS)
     end
 
     it "should fail if the app defaults hash is missing any required values" do
       incomplete_default_values = default_values.reject { |key, _| key == :confdir }
       expect {
         @settings.initialize_app_defaults(default_values.reject { |key, _| key == :confdir })
       }.to raise_error(Puppet::Settings::SettingsError)
     end
 
     # ultimately I'd like to stop treating "run_mode" as a normal setting, because it has so many special
     #  case behaviors / uses.  However, until that time... we need to make sure that our private run_mode=
     #  setter method gets properly called during app initialization.
     it "sets the preferred run mode when initializing the app defaults" do
       @settings.initialize_app_defaults(default_values.merge(:run_mode => :master))
 
       @settings.preferred_run_mode.should == :master
     end
   end
 
   describe "#call_hooks_deferred_to_application_initialization" do
     let (:good_default) { "yay" }
     let (:bad_default) { "$doesntexist" }
     before(:each) do
       @settings = Puppet::Settings.new
     end
 
     describe "when ignoring dependency interpolation errors" do
       let(:options) { {:ignore_interpolation_dependency_errors => true} }
 
       describe "if interpolation error" do
         it "should not raise an error" do
           hook_values = []
           @settings.define_settings(:section, :badhook => {:default => bad_default, :desc => "boo", :call_hook => :on_initialize_and_write, :hook => lambda { |v| hook_values << v  }})
           expect do
             @settings.send(:call_hooks_deferred_to_application_initialization, options)
           end.to_not raise_error
         end
       end
       describe "if no interpolation error" do
         it "should not raise an error" do
           hook_values = []
           @settings.define_settings(:section, :goodhook => {:default => good_default, :desc => "boo", :call_hook => :on_initialize_and_write, :hook => lambda { |v| hook_values << v  }})
           expect do
             @settings.send(:call_hooks_deferred_to_application_initialization, options)
           end.to_not raise_error
         end
       end
     end
 
     describe "when not ignoring dependency interpolation errors" do
       [ {}, {:ignore_interpolation_dependency_errors => false}].each do |options|
         describe "if interpolation error" do
           it "should raise an error" do
             hook_values = []
             @settings.define_settings(
               :section,
               :badhook => {
                 :default => bad_default,
                 :desc => "boo",
                 :call_hook => :on_initialize_and_write,
                 :hook => lambda { |v| hook_values << v }
               }
             )
             expect do
               @settings.send(:call_hooks_deferred_to_application_initialization, options)
             end.to raise_error Puppet::Settings::InterpolationError
           end
           it "should contain the setting name in error message" do
             hook_values = []
             @settings.define_settings(
               :section,
               :badhook => {
                 :default => bad_default,
                 :desc => "boo",
                 :call_hook => :on_initialize_and_write,
                 :hook => lambda { |v| hook_values << v }
               }
             )
             expect do
               @settings.send(:call_hooks_deferred_to_application_initialization, options)
             end.to raise_error Puppet::Settings::InterpolationError, /badhook/
           end
         end
         describe "if no interpolation error" do
           it "should not raise an error" do
             hook_values = []
             @settings.define_settings(
               :section,
               :goodhook => {
                 :default => good_default,
                 :desc => "boo",
                 :call_hook => :on_initialize_and_write,
                 :hook => lambda { |v| hook_values << v }
               }
             )
             expect do
               @settings.send(:call_hooks_deferred_to_application_initialization, options)
             end.to_not raise_error
           end
         end
       end
     end
   end
 
   describe "when setting values" do
     before do
       @settings = Puppet::Settings.new
       @settings.define_settings :main, :myval => { :default => "val", :desc => "desc" }
       @settings.define_settings :main, :bool => { :type => :boolean, :default => true, :desc => "desc" }
     end
 
     it "should provide a method for setting values from other objects" do
       @settings[:myval] = "something else"
       @settings[:myval].should == "something else"
     end
 
     it "should support a getopt-specific mechanism for setting values" do
       @settings.handlearg("--myval", "newval")
       @settings[:myval].should == "newval"
     end
 
     it "should support a getopt-specific mechanism for turning booleans off" do
       @settings[:bool] = true
       @settings.handlearg("--no-bool", "")
       @settings[:bool].should == false
     end
 
     it "should support a getopt-specific mechanism for turning booleans on" do
       # Turn it off first
       @settings[:bool] = false
       @settings.handlearg("--bool", "")
       @settings[:bool].should == true
     end
 
     it "should consider a cli setting with no argument to be a boolean" do
       # Turn it off first
       @settings[:bool] = false
       @settings.handlearg("--bool")
       @settings[:bool].should == true
     end
 
     it "should consider a cli setting with an empty string as an argument to be a boolean, if the setting itself is a boolean" do
       # Turn it off first
       @settings[:bool] = false
       @settings.handlearg("--bool", "")
       @settings[:bool].should == true
     end
 
     it "should consider a cli setting with an empty string as an argument to be an empty argument, if the setting itself is not a boolean" do
       @settings[:myval] = "bob"
       @settings.handlearg("--myval", "")
       @settings[:myval].should == ""
     end
 
     it "should consider a cli setting with a boolean as an argument to be a boolean" do
       # Turn it off first
       @settings[:bool] = false
       @settings.handlearg("--bool", "true")
       @settings[:bool].should == true
     end
 
     it "should not consider a cli setting of a non boolean with a boolean as an argument to be a boolean" do
       # Turn it off first
       @settings[:myval] = "bob"
       @settings.handlearg("--no-myval", "")
       @settings[:myval].should == ""
     end
 
     it "should flag string settings from the CLI" do
       @settings.handlearg("--myval", "12")
       @settings.set_by_cli?(:myval).should be_true
     end
 
     it "should flag bool settings from the CLI" do
       @settings[:bool] = false
       @settings.handlearg("--bool")
       @settings.set_by_cli?(:bool).should be_true
     end
 
     it "should not flag settings memory as from CLI" do
       @settings[:myval] = "12"
       @settings.set_by_cli?(:myval).should be_false
     end
 
     describe "setbycli" do
       it "should generate a deprecation warning" do
         Puppet.expects(:deprecation_warning).at_least(1)
         @settings.setting(:myval).setbycli = true
       end
       it "should set the value" do
         @settings[:myval] = "blah"
         @settings.setting(:myval).setbycli = true
         @settings.set_by_cli?(:myval).should be_true
       end
       it "should raise error if trying to unset value" do
         @settings.handlearg("--myval", "blah")
         expect do
           @settings.setting(:myval).setbycli = nil
         end.to raise_error ArgumentError, /unset/
       end
     end
 
     it "should clear the cache when setting getopt-specific values" do
       @settings.define_settings :mysection,
           :one => { :default => "whah", :desc => "yay" },
           :two => { :default => "$one yay", :desc => "bah" }
       @settings.expects(:unsafe_flush_cache)
       @settings[:two].should == "whah yay"
       @settings.handlearg("--one", "else")
       @settings[:two].should == "else yay"
     end
 
     it "should clear the cache when the preferred_run_mode is changed" do
       @settings.expects(:flush_cache)
       @settings.preferred_run_mode = :master
     end
 
     it "should not clear other values when setting getopt-specific values" do
       @settings[:myval] = "yay"
       @settings.handlearg("--no-bool", "")
       @settings[:myval].should == "yay"
     end
 
     it "should clear the list of used sections" do
       @settings.expects(:clearused)
       @settings[:myval] = "yay"
     end
 
     describe "call_hook" do
       Puppet::Settings::StringSetting.available_call_hook_values.each do |val|
         describe "when :#{val}" do
           describe "and definition invalid" do
             it "should raise error if no hook defined" do
               expect do
                 @settings.define_settings(:section, :hooker => {:default => "yay", :desc => "boo", :call_hook => val})
               end.to raise_error ArgumentError, /no :hook/
             end
             it "should include the setting name in the error message" do
               expect do
                 @settings.define_settings(:section, :hooker => {:default => "yay", :desc => "boo", :call_hook => val})
               end.to raise_error ArgumentError, /for :hooker/
             end
           end
           describe "and definition valid" do
             before(:each) do
               hook_values = []
               @settings.define_settings(:section, :hooker => {:default => "yay", :desc => "boo", :call_hook => val, :hook => lambda { |v| hook_values << v  }})
             end
 
             it "should call the hook when value written" do
               @settings.setting(:hooker).expects(:handle).with("something").once
               @settings[:hooker] = "something"
             end
           end
         end
       end
 
       it "should have a default value of :on_write_only" do
         @settings.define_settings(:section, :hooker => {:default => "yay", :desc => "boo", :hook => lambda { |v| hook_values << v  }})
         @settings.setting(:hooker).call_hook.should == :on_write_only
       end
 
       describe "when nil" do
         it "should generate a warning" do
           Puppet.expects(:warning)
           @settings.define_settings(:section, :hooker => {:default => "yay", :desc => "boo", :call_hook => nil, :hook => lambda { |v| hook_values << v  }})
         end
         it "should use default" do
           @settings.define_settings(:section, :hooker => {:default => "yay", :desc => "boo", :call_hook => nil, :hook => lambda { |v| hook_values << v  }})
           @settings.setting(:hooker).call_hook.should == :on_write_only
         end
       end
 
       describe "when invalid" do
         it "should raise an error" do
           expect do
             @settings.define_settings(:section, :hooker => {:default => "yay", :desc => "boo", :call_hook => :foo, :hook => lambda { |v| hook_values << v  }})
           end.to raise_error ArgumentError, /invalid.*call_hook/i
         end
       end
 
       describe "when :on_define_and_write" do
         it "should call the hook at definition" do
           hook_values = []
           @settings.define_settings(:section, :hooker => {:default => "yay", :desc => "boo", :call_hook => :on_define_and_write, :hook => lambda { |v| hook_values << v  }})
           @settings.setting(:hooker).call_hook.should == :on_define_and_write
           hook_values.should == %w{yay}
         end
       end
 
       describe "when :on_initialize_and_write" do
         before(:each) do
           @hook_values = []
           @settings.define_settings(:section, :hooker => {:default => "yay", :desc => "boo", :call_hook => :on_initialize_and_write, :hook => lambda { |v| @hook_values << v  }})
         end
 
         it "should not call the hook at definition" do
           @hook_values.should == []
           @hook_values.should_not == %w{yay}
         end
 
         it "should call the hook at initialization" do
           app_defaults = {}
           Puppet::Settings::REQUIRED_APP_SETTINGS.each do |key|
             app_defaults[key] = "foo"
           end
           app_defaults[:run_mode] = :user
           @settings.define_settings(:main, PuppetSpec::Settings::TEST_APP_DEFAULT_DEFINITIONS)
 
           @settings.setting(:hooker).expects(:handle).with("yay").once
 
           @settings.initialize_app_defaults app_defaults
         end
       end
     end
 
     describe "call_on_define" do
       [true, false].each do |val|
         describe "to #{val}" do
           it "should generate a deprecation warning" do
             Puppet.expects(:deprecation_warning)
             values = []
             @settings.define_settings(:section, :hooker => {:default => "yay", :desc => "boo", :call_on_define => val, :hook => lambda { |v| values << v }})
           end
 
           it "should should set call_hook" do
             values = []
             name = "hooker_#{val}".to_sym
             @settings.define_settings(:section, name => {:default => "yay", :desc => "boo", :call_on_define => val, :hook => lambda { |v| values << v }})
 
             @settings.setting(name).call_hook.should == :on_define_and_write if val
             @settings.setting(name).call_hook.should == :on_write_only unless val
           end
         end
       end
     end
 
     it "should call passed blocks when values are set" do
       values = []
       @settings.define_settings(:section, :hooker => {:default => "yay", :desc => "boo", :hook => lambda { |v| values << v }})
       values.should == []
 
       @settings[:hooker] = "something"
       values.should == %w{something}
     end
 
     it "should call passed blocks when values are set via the command line" do
       values = []
       @settings.define_settings(:section, :hooker => {:default => "yay", :desc => "boo", :hook => lambda { |v| values << v }})
       values.should == []
 
       @settings.handlearg("--hooker", "yay")
 
       values.should == %w{yay}
     end
 
     it "should provide an option to call passed blocks during definition" do
       values = []
       @settings.define_settings(:section, :hooker => {:default => "yay", :desc => "boo", :call_hook => :on_define_and_write, :hook => lambda { |v| values << v }})
       values.should == %w{yay}
     end
 
     it "should pass the fully interpolated value to the hook when called on definition" do
       values = []
       @settings.define_settings(:section, :one => { :default => "test", :desc => "a" })
       @settings.define_settings(:section, :hooker => {:default => "$one/yay", :desc => "boo", :call_hook => :on_define_and_write, :hook => lambda { |v| values << v }})
       values.should == %w{test/yay}
     end
 
     it "should munge values using the setting-specific methods" do
       @settings[:bool] = "false"
       @settings[:bool].should == false
     end
 
     it "should prefer cli values to values set in Ruby code" do
       @settings.handlearg("--myval", "cliarg")
       @settings[:myval] = "memarg"
       @settings[:myval].should == "cliarg"
     end
 
     it "should clear the list of environments" do
       Puppet::Node::Environment.expects(:clear).at_least(1)
       @settings[:myval] = "memarg"
     end
 
     it "should raise an error if we try to set a setting that hasn't been defined'" do
       lambda{
         @settings[:why_so_serious] = "foo"
       }.should raise_error(ArgumentError, /unknown configuration parameter/)
     end
   end
 
   describe "when returning values" do
     before do
       @settings = Puppet::Settings.new
       @settings.define_settings :section,
           :config => { :type => :file, :default => "/my/file", :desc => "eh" },
           :one    => { :default => "ONE", :desc => "a" },
           :two    => { :default => "$one TWO", :desc => "b"},
           :three  => { :default => "$one $two THREE", :desc => "c"},
           :four   => { :default => "$two $three FOUR", :desc => "d"},
           :five   => { :default => nil, :desc => "e" }
       Puppet::FileSystem::File.stubs(:exist?).returns true
     end
 
     describe "call_on_define" do
       it "should generate a deprecation warning" do
         Puppet.expects(:deprecation_warning)
         @settings.define_settings(:section, :hooker => {:default => "yay", :desc => "boo", :hook => lambda { |v| hook_values << v  }})
         @settings.setting(:hooker).call_on_define
       end
 
       Puppet::Settings::StringSetting.available_call_hook_values.each do |val|
         it "should match value for call_hook => :#{val}" do
           hook_values = []
           @settings.define_settings(:section, :hooker => {:default => "yay", :desc => "boo", :call_hook => val, :hook => lambda { |v| hook_values << v  }})
           @settings.setting(:hooker).call_on_define.should == @settings.setting(:hooker).call_hook_on_define?
         end
       end
     end
 
     it "should provide a mechanism for returning set values" do
       @settings[:one] = "other"
       @settings[:one].should == "other"
     end
 
     it "should interpolate default values for other parameters into returned parameter values" do
       @settings[:one].should == "ONE"
       @settings[:two].should == "ONE TWO"
       @settings[:three].should == "ONE ONE TWO THREE"
     end
 
     it "should interpolate default values that themselves need to be interpolated" do
       @settings[:four].should == "ONE TWO ONE ONE TWO THREE FOUR"
     end
 
     it "should provide a method for returning uninterpolated values" do
       @settings[:two] = "$one tw0"
       @settings.uninterpolated_value(:two).should  == "$one tw0"
       @settings.uninterpolated_value(:four).should == "$two $three FOUR"
     end
 
     it "should interpolate set values for other parameters into returned parameter values" do
       @settings[:one] = "on3"
       @settings[:two] = "$one tw0"
       @settings[:three] = "$one $two thr33"
       @settings[:four] = "$one $two $three f0ur"
       @settings[:one].should == "on3"
       @settings[:two].should == "on3 tw0"
       @settings[:three].should == "on3 on3 tw0 thr33"
       @settings[:four].should == "on3 on3 tw0 on3 on3 tw0 thr33 f0ur"
     end
 
     it "should not cache interpolated values such that stale information is returned" do
       @settings[:two].should == "ONE TWO"
       @settings[:one] = "one"
       @settings[:two].should == "one TWO"
     end
 
-    describe "caching values that evaluate to false" do
-      it "caches nil" do
-        @settings.expects(:convert).once.returns nil
-        @settings[:five].should be_nil
-        @settings[:five].should be_nil
-      end
-
-      it "caches false" do
-        @settings.expects(:convert).once.returns false
-        @settings[:five].should == false
-        @settings[:five].should == false
-      end
-    end
-
     it "should not cache values such that information from one environment is returned for another environment" do
       text = "[env1]\none = oneval\n[env2]\none = twoval\n"
       @settings.stubs(:read_file).returns(text)
       @settings.send(:parse_config_files)
 
       @settings.value(:one, "env1").should == "oneval"
       @settings.value(:one, "env2").should == "twoval"
     end
 
     it "should have a run_mode that defaults to user" do
       @settings.preferred_run_mode.should == :user
     end
 
     describe "setbycli" do
       it "should generate a deprecation warning" do
         @settings.handlearg("--one", "blah")
         Puppet.expects(:deprecation_warning)
         @settings.setting(:one).setbycli
       end
       it "should be true" do
         @settings.handlearg("--one", "blah")
         @settings.setting(:one).setbycli.should be_true
       end
     end
   end
 
   describe "when choosing which value to return" do
     before do
       @settings = Puppet::Settings.new
       @settings.define_settings :section,
         :config => { :type => :file, :default => "/my/file", :desc => "a" },
         :one => { :default => "ONE", :desc => "a" },
         :two => { :default => "TWO", :desc => "b" }
       Puppet::FileSystem::File.stubs(:exist?).returns true
       @settings.preferred_run_mode = :agent
     end
 
     it "should return default values if no values have been set" do
       @settings[:one].should == "ONE"
     end
 
     it "should return values set on the cli before values set in the configuration file" do
       text = "[main]\none = fileval\n"
       @settings.stubs(:read_file).returns(text)
       @settings.handlearg("--one", "clival")
       @settings.send(:parse_config_files)
 
       @settings[:one].should == "clival"
     end
 
     it "should return values set on the cli before values set in Ruby" do
       @settings[:one] = "rubyval"
       @settings.handlearg("--one", "clival")
       @settings[:one].should == "clival"
     end
 
     it "should return values set in the mode-specific section before values set in the main section" do
       text = "[main]\none = mainval\n[agent]\none = modeval\n"
       @settings.stubs(:read_file).returns(text)
       @settings.send(:parse_config_files)
 
       @settings[:one].should == "modeval"
     end
 
     it "should not return values outside of its search path" do
       text = "[other]\none = oval\n"
       file = "/some/file"
       @settings.stubs(:read_file).returns(text)
       @settings.send(:parse_config_files)
       @settings[:one].should == "ONE"
     end
 
     it "should return values in a specified environment" do
       text = "[env]\none = envval\n"
       @settings.stubs(:read_file).returns(text)
       @settings.send(:parse_config_files)
       @settings.value(:one, "env").should == "envval"
     end
 
     it 'should use the current environment for $environment' do
       @settings.define_settings :main, :myval => { :default => "$environment/foo", :desc => "mydocs" }
 
       @settings.value(:myval, "myenv").should == "myenv/foo"
     end
 
     it "should interpolate found values using the current environment" do
       text = "[main]\none = mainval\n[myname]\none = nameval\ntwo = $one/two\n"
       @settings.stubs(:read_file).returns(text)
       @settings.send(:parse_config_files)
 
       @settings.value(:two, "myname").should == "nameval/two"
     end
 
     it "should return values in a specified environment before values in the main or name sections" do
       text = "[env]\none = envval\n[main]\none = mainval\n[myname]\none = nameval\n"
       @settings.stubs(:read_file).returns(text)
       @settings.send(:parse_config_files)
       @settings.value(:one, "env").should == "envval"
     end
   end
 
 
   describe "when locating config files" do
     before do
       @settings = Puppet::Settings.new
     end
 
     describe "when root" do
       it "should look for the main config file default location config settings haven't been overridden'" do
         Puppet.features.stubs(:root?).returns(true)
         Puppet::FileSystem::File.expects(:exist?).with(main_config_file_default_location).returns(false)
         Puppet::FileSystem::File.expects(:exist?).with(user_config_file_default_location).never
 
         @settings.send(:parse_config_files)
       end
     end
 
     describe "when not root" do
       it "should look for user config file default location if config settings haven't been overridden'" do
         Puppet.features.stubs(:root?).returns(false)
 
         seq = sequence "load config files"
         Puppet::FileSystem::File.expects(:exist?).with(user_config_file_default_location).returns(false).in_sequence(seq)
 
         @settings.send(:parse_config_files)
       end
     end
   end
 
   describe "when parsing its configuration" do
     before do
       @settings = Puppet::Settings.new
       @settings.stubs(:service_user_available?).returns true
       @settings.stubs(:service_group_available?).returns true
       @file = make_absolute("/some/file")
       @userconfig = make_absolute("/test/userconfigfile")
       @settings.define_settings :section, :user => { :default => "suser", :desc => "doc" }, :group => { :default => "sgroup", :desc => "doc" }
       @settings.define_settings :section,
           :config => { :type => :file, :default => @file, :desc => "eh" },
           :one => { :default => "ONE", :desc => "a" },
           :two => { :default => "$one TWO", :desc => "b" },
           :three => { :default => "$one $two THREE", :desc => "c" }
       @settings.stubs(:user_config_file).returns(@userconfig)
       Puppet::FileSystem::File.stubs(:exist?).with(@file).returns true
       Puppet::FileSystem::File.stubs(:exist?).with(@userconfig).returns false
     end
 
     it "should not ignore the report setting" do
       @settings.define_settings :section, :report => { :default => "false", :desc => "a" }
       # This is needed in order to make sure we pass on windows
       myfile = File.expand_path(@file)
       @settings[:config] = myfile
       text = <<-CONF
         [puppetd]
           report=true
       CONF
       Puppet::FileSystem::File.expects(:exist?).with(myfile).returns(true)
       @settings.expects(:read_file).returns(text)
       @settings.send(:parse_config_files)
       @settings[:report].should be_true
     end
 
     it "should use its current ':config' value for the file to parse" do
       myfile = make_absolute("/my/file") # do not stub expand_path here, as this leads to a stack overflow, when mocha tries to use it
       @settings[:config] = myfile
 
       Puppet::FileSystem::File.expects(:exist?).with(myfile).returns(true)
 
       File.expects(:read).with(myfile).returns "[main]"
 
       @settings.send(:parse_config_files)
     end
 
     it "should not try to parse non-existent files" do
       Puppet::FileSystem::File.expects(:exist?).with(@file).returns false
 
       File.expects(:read).with(@file).never
 
       @settings.send(:parse_config_files)
     end
 
     it "should return values set in the configuration file" do
       text = "[main]
       one = fileval
       "
       @settings.expects(:read_file).returns(text)
       @settings.send(:parse_config_files)
       @settings[:one].should == "fileval"
     end
 
     #484 - this should probably be in the regression area
     it "should not throw an exception on unknown parameters" do
       text = "[main]\nnosuchparam = mval\n"
       @settings.expects(:read_file).returns(text)
       lambda { @settings.send(:parse_config_files) }.should_not raise_error
     end
 
     it "should convert booleans in the configuration file into Ruby booleans" do
       text = "[main]
       one = true
       two = false
       "
       @settings.expects(:read_file).returns(text)
       @settings.send(:parse_config_files)
       @settings[:one].should == true
       @settings[:two].should == false
     end
 
     it "should convert integers in the configuration file into Ruby Integers" do
       text = "[main]
       one = 65
       "
       @settings.expects(:read_file).returns(text)
       @settings.send(:parse_config_files)
       @settings[:one].should == 65
     end
 
     it "should support specifying all metadata (owner, group, mode) in the configuration file" do
       @settings.define_settings :section, :myfile => { :type => :file, :default => make_absolute("/myfile"), :desc => "a" }
 
       otherfile = make_absolute("/other/file")
       text = "[main]
       myfile = #{otherfile} {owner = service, group = service, mode = 644}
       "
       @settings.expects(:read_file).returns(text)
       @settings.send(:parse_config_files)
       @settings[:myfile].should == otherfile
       @settings.metadata(:myfile).should == {:owner => "suser", :group => "sgroup", :mode => "644"}
     end
 
     it "should support specifying a single piece of metadata (owner, group, or mode) in the configuration file" do
       @settings.define_settings :section, :myfile => { :type => :file, :default => make_absolute("/myfile"), :desc => "a" }
 
       otherfile = make_absolute("/other/file")
       text = "[main]
       myfile = #{otherfile} {owner = service}
       "
       @settings.expects(:read_file).returns(text)
       @settings.send(:parse_config_files)
       @settings[:myfile].should == otherfile
       @settings.metadata(:myfile).should == {:owner => "suser"}
     end
 
     it "should support loading metadata (owner, group, or mode) from a run_mode section in the configuration file" do
       default_values = {}
       PuppetSpec::Settings::TEST_APP_DEFAULT_DEFINITIONS.keys.each do |key|
         default_values[key] = 'default value'
       end
       @settings.define_settings :main, PuppetSpec::Settings::TEST_APP_DEFAULT_DEFINITIONS
       @settings.define_settings :master, :myfile => { :type => :file, :default => make_absolute("/myfile"), :desc => "a" }
 
       otherfile = make_absolute("/other/file")
       text = "[master]
       myfile = #{otherfile} {mode = 664}
       "
       @settings.expects(:read_file).returns(text)
 
       # will start initialization as user
       @settings.preferred_run_mode.should == :user
       @settings.send(:parse_config_files)
 
       # change app run_mode to master
       @settings.initialize_app_defaults(default_values.merge(:run_mode => :master))
       @settings.preferred_run_mode.should == :master
 
       # initializing the app should have reloaded the metadata based on run_mode
       @settings[:myfile].should == otherfile
       @settings.metadata(:myfile).should == {:mode => "664"}
     end
 
     it "should call hooks associated with values set in the configuration file" do
       values = []
       @settings.define_settings :section, :mysetting => {:default => "defval", :desc => "a", :hook => proc { |v| values << v }}
 
       text = "[main]
       mysetting = setval
       "
       @settings.expects(:read_file).returns(text)
       @settings.send(:parse_config_files)
       values.should == ["setval"]
     end
 
     it "should not call the same hook for values set multiple times in the configuration file" do
       values = []
       @settings.define_settings :section, :mysetting => {:default => "defval", :desc => "a", :hook => proc { |v| values << v }}
 
       text = "[user]
       mysetting = setval
       [main]
       mysetting = other
       "
       @settings.expects(:read_file).returns(text)
       @settings.send(:parse_config_files)
       values.should == ["setval"]
     end
 
     it "should pass the environment-specific value to the hook when one is available" do
       values = []
       @settings.define_settings :section, :mysetting => {:default => "defval", :desc => "a", :hook => proc { |v| values << v }}
       @settings.define_settings :section, :environment => { :default => "yay", :desc => "a" }
       @settings.define_settings :section, :environments => { :default => "yay,foo", :desc => "a" }
 
       text = "[main]
       mysetting = setval
       [yay]
       mysetting = other
       "
       @settings.expects(:read_file).returns(text)
       @settings.send(:parse_config_files)
       values.should == ["other"]
     end
 
     it "should pass the interpolated value to the hook when one is available" do
       values = []
       @settings.define_settings :section, :base => {:default => "yay", :desc => "a", :hook => proc { |v| values << v }}
       @settings.define_settings :section, :mysetting => {:default => "defval", :desc => "a", :hook => proc { |v| values << v }}
 
       text = "[main]
       mysetting = $base/setval
       "
       @settings.expects(:read_file).returns(text)
       @settings.send(:parse_config_files)
       values.should == ["yay/setval"]
     end
 
     it "should allow hooks invoked at parse time to be deferred" do
       hook_invoked = false
       @settings.define_settings :section, :deferred  => {:desc => '',
                                                          :hook => proc { |v| hook_invoked = true },
                                                          :call_hook => :on_initialize_and_write, }
 
       @settings.define_settings(:main,
         :logdir       => { :type => :directory, :default => nil, :desc => "logdir" },
         :confdir      => { :type => :directory, :default => nil, :desc => "confdir" },
         :vardir       => { :type => :directory, :default => nil, :desc => "vardir" })
 
       text = <<-EOD
       [main]
       deferred=$confdir/goose
       EOD
 
       @settings.stubs(:read_file).returns(text)
       @settings.initialize_global_settings
 
       hook_invoked.should be_false
 
       @settings.initialize_app_defaults(:logdir => '/path/to/logdir', :confdir => '/path/to/confdir', :vardir => '/path/to/vardir')
 
       hook_invoked.should be_true
       @settings[:deferred].should eq File.expand_path('/path/to/confdir/goose')
     end
 
     it "should allow empty values" do
       @settings.define_settings :section, :myarg => { :default => "myfile", :desc => "a" }
 
       text = "[main]
       myarg =
       "
       @settings.stubs(:read_file).returns(text)
       @settings.send(:parse_config_files)
       @settings[:myarg].should == ""
     end
 
     describe "and when reading a non-positive filetimeout value from the config file" do
       before do
         @settings.define_settings :foo, :filetimeout => { :default => 5, :desc => "eh" }
 
         somefile = "/some/file"
         text = "[main]
         filetimeout = -1
         "
         File.expects(:read).with(somefile).returns(text)
         File.expects(:expand_path).with(somefile).returns somefile
         @settings[:config] = somefile
       end
     end
   end
 
 
   describe "when there are multiple config files" do
     let(:main_config_text) { "[main]\none = main\ntwo = main2" }
     let(:user_config_text) { "[main]\none = user\n" }
     let(:seq) { sequence "config_file_sequence" }
 
     before :each do
       @settings = Puppet::Settings.new
       @settings.define_settings(:section,
           { :confdir => { :default => nil,                    :desc => "Conf dir" },
             :config  => { :default => "$confdir/puppet.conf", :desc => "Config" },
             :one     => { :default => "ONE",                  :desc => "a" },
             :two     => { :default => "TWO",                  :desc => "b" }, })
     end
 
     context "running non-root without explicit config file" do
       before :each do
         Puppet.features.stubs(:root?).returns(false)
         Puppet::FileSystem::File.expects(:exist?).
           with(user_config_file_default_location).
           returns(true).in_sequence(seq)
         @settings.expects(:read_file).
           with(user_config_file_default_location).
           returns(user_config_text).in_sequence(seq)
       end
 
       it "should return values from the user config file" do
         @settings.send(:parse_config_files)
         @settings[:one].should == "user"
       end
 
       it "should not return values from the main config file" do
         @settings.send(:parse_config_files)
         @settings[:two].should == "TWO"
       end
     end
 
     context "running as root without explicit config file" do
       before :each do
         Puppet.features.stubs(:root?).returns(true)
         Puppet::FileSystem::File.expects(:exist?).
           with(main_config_file_default_location).
           returns(true).in_sequence(seq)
         @settings.expects(:read_file).
           with(main_config_file_default_location).
           returns(main_config_text).in_sequence(seq)
       end
 
       it "should return values from the main config file" do
         @settings.send(:parse_config_files)
         @settings[:one].should == "main"
       end
 
       it "should not return values from the user config file" do
         @settings.send(:parse_config_files)
         @settings[:two].should == "main2"
       end
     end
 
     context "running with an explicit config file as a user (e.g. Apache + Passenger)" do
       before :each do
         Puppet.features.stubs(:root?).returns(false)
         @settings[:confdir] = File.dirname(main_config_file_default_location)
         Puppet::FileSystem::File.expects(:exist?).
           with(main_config_file_default_location).
           returns(true).in_sequence(seq)
         @settings.expects(:read_file).
           with(main_config_file_default_location).
           returns(main_config_text).in_sequence(seq)
       end
 
       it "should return values from the main config file" do
         @settings.send(:parse_config_files)
         @settings[:one].should == "main"
       end
 
       it "should not return values from the user config file" do
         @settings.send(:parse_config_files)
         @settings[:two].should == "main2"
       end
     end
   end
 
   describe "when reparsing its configuration" do
     before do
       @file = make_absolute("/test/file")
       @userconfig = make_absolute("/test/userconfigfile")
       @settings = Puppet::Settings.new
       @settings.define_settings :section,
           :config => { :type => :file, :default => @file, :desc => "a" },
           :one => { :default => "ONE", :desc => "a" },
           :two => { :default => "$one TWO", :desc => "b" },
           :three => { :default => "$one $two THREE", :desc => "c" }
       Puppet::FileSystem::File.stubs(:exist?).with(@file).returns true
       Puppet::FileSystem::File.stubs(:exist?).with(@userconfig).returns false
       @settings.stubs(:user_config_file).returns(@userconfig)
     end
 
     it "does not create the WatchedFile instance and should not parse if the file does not exist" do
       Puppet::FileSystem::File.expects(:exist?).with(@file).returns false
       Puppet::Util::WatchedFile.expects(:new).never
 
       @settings.expects(:parse_config_files).never
 
       @settings.reparse_config_files
     end
 
     context "and watched file exists" do
       before do
         @watched_file = Puppet::Util::WatchedFile.new(@file)
         Puppet::Util::WatchedFile.expects(:new).with(@file).returns @watched_file
       end
 
       it "uses a WatchedFile instance to determine if the file has changed" do
         @watched_file.expects(:changed?)
 
         @settings.reparse_config_files
       end
 
       it "does not reparse if the file has not changed" do
         @watched_file.expects(:changed?).returns false
 
         @settings.expects(:parse_config_files).never
 
         @settings.reparse_config_files
       end
 
       it "reparses if the file has changed" do
         @watched_file.expects(:changed?).returns true
 
         @settings.expects(:parse_config_files)
 
         @settings.reparse_config_files
       end
 
       it "replaces in-memory values with on-file values" do
         @watched_file.stubs(:changed?).returns(true)
         @settings[:one] = "init"
 
         # Now replace the value
         text = "[main]\none = disk-replace\n"
         @settings.stubs(:read_file).returns(text)
         @settings.reparse_config_files
         @settings[:one].should == "disk-replace"
       end
     end
 
     it "should retain parameters set by cli when configuration files are reparsed" do
       @settings.handlearg("--one", "clival")
 
       text = "[main]\none = on-disk\n"
       @settings.stubs(:read_file).returns(text)
       @settings.send(:parse_config_files)
 
       @settings[:one].should == "clival"
     end
 
     it "should remove in-memory values that are no longer set in the file" do
       # Init the value
       text = "[main]\none = disk-init\n"
       @settings.expects(:read_file).returns(text)
       @settings.send(:parse_config_files)
       @settings[:one].should == "disk-init"
 
       # Now replace the value
       text = "[main]\ntwo = disk-replace\n"
       @settings.expects(:read_file).returns(text)
       @settings.send(:parse_config_files)
 
       # The originally-overridden value should be replaced with the default
       @settings[:one].should == "ONE"
 
       # and we should now have the new value in memory
       @settings[:two].should == "disk-replace"
     end
 
     it "should retain in-memory values if the file has a syntax error" do
       # Init the value
       text = "[main]\none = initial-value\n"
       @settings.expects(:read_file).with(@file).returns(text)
       @settings.send(:parse_config_files)
       @settings[:one].should == "initial-value"
 
       # Now replace the value with something bogus
       text = "[main]\nkenny = killed-by-what-follows\n1 is 2, blah blah florp\n"
       @settings.expects(:read_file).with(@file).returns(text)
       @settings.send(:parse_config_files)
 
       # The originally-overridden value should not be replaced with the default
       @settings[:one].should == "initial-value"
 
       # and we should not have the new value in memory
       @settings[:kenny].should be_nil
     end
   end
 
   it "should provide a method for creating a catalog of resources from its configuration" do
     Puppet::Settings.new.should respond_to(:to_catalog)
   end
 
   describe "when creating a catalog" do
     before do
       @settings = Puppet::Settings.new
       @settings.stubs(:service_user_available?).returns true
       @prefix = Puppet.features.posix? ? "" : "C:"
     end
 
     it "should add all file resources to the catalog if no sections have been specified" do
       @settings.define_settings :main,
           :maindir => { :type => :directory, :default => @prefix+"/maindir", :desc => "a"},
           :seconddir => { :type => :directory, :default => @prefix+"/seconddir", :desc => "a"}
       @settings.define_settings :other,
           :otherdir => { :type => :directory, :default => @prefix+"/otherdir", :desc => "a" }
 
       catalog = @settings.to_catalog
 
       [@prefix+"/maindir", @prefix+"/seconddir", @prefix+"/otherdir"].each do |path|
         catalog.resource(:file, path).should be_instance_of(Puppet::Resource)
       end
     end
 
     it "should add only files in the specified sections if section names are provided" do
       @settings.define_settings :main, :maindir => { :type => :directory, :default => @prefix+"/maindir", :desc => "a" }
       @settings.define_settings :other, :otherdir => { :type => :directory, :default => @prefix+"/otherdir", :desc => "a" }
       catalog = @settings.to_catalog(:main)
       catalog.resource(:file, @prefix+"/otherdir").should be_nil
       catalog.resource(:file, @prefix+"/maindir").should be_instance_of(Puppet::Resource)
     end
 
     it "should not try to add the same file twice" do
       @settings.define_settings :main, :maindir => { :type => :directory, :default => @prefix+"/maindir", :desc => "a" }
       @settings.define_settings :other, :otherdir => { :type => :directory, :default => @prefix+"/maindir", :desc => "a" }
       lambda { @settings.to_catalog }.should_not raise_error
     end
 
     it "should ignore files whose :to_resource method returns nil" do
       @settings.define_settings :main, :maindir => { :type => :directory, :default => @prefix+"/maindir", :desc => "a" }
       @settings.setting(:maindir).expects(:to_resource).returns nil
 
       Puppet::Resource::Catalog.any_instance.expects(:add_resource).never
       @settings.to_catalog
     end
 
     describe "on Microsoft Windows" do
       before :each do
         Puppet.features.stubs(:root?).returns true
         Puppet.features.stubs(:microsoft_windows?).returns true
 
         @settings.define_settings :foo,
             :mkusers => { :type => :boolean, :default => true, :desc => "e" },
             :user => { :default => "suser", :desc => "doc" },
             :group => { :default => "sgroup", :desc => "doc" }
         @settings.define_settings :other,
             :otherdir => { :type => :directory, :default => "/otherdir", :desc => "a", :owner => "service", :group => "service"}
 
         @catalog = @settings.to_catalog
       end
 
       it "it should not add users and groups to the catalog" do
         @catalog.resource(:user, "suser").should be_nil
         @catalog.resource(:group, "sgroup").should be_nil
       end
     end
 
     describe "when adding users and groups to the catalog" do
       before do
         Puppet.features.stubs(:root?).returns true
         Puppet.features.stubs(:microsoft_windows?).returns false
 
         @settings.define_settings :foo,
             :mkusers => { :type => :boolean, :default => true, :desc => "e" },
             :user => { :default => "suser", :desc => "doc" },
             :group => { :default => "sgroup", :desc => "doc" }
         @settings.define_settings :other, :otherdir => {:type => :directory, :default => "/otherdir", :desc => "a", :owner => "service", :group => "service"}
 
         @catalog = @settings.to_catalog
       end
 
       it "should add each specified user and group to the catalog if :mkusers is a valid setting, is enabled, and we're running as root" do
         @catalog.resource(:user, "suser").should be_instance_of(Puppet::Resource)
         @catalog.resource(:group, "sgroup").should be_instance_of(Puppet::Resource)
       end
 
       it "should only add users and groups to the catalog from specified sections" do
         @settings.define_settings :yay, :yaydir => { :type => :directory, :default => "/yaydir", :desc => "a", :owner => "service", :group => "service"}
         catalog = @settings.to_catalog(:other)
         catalog.resource(:user, "jane").should be_nil
         catalog.resource(:group, "billy").should be_nil
       end
 
       it "should not add users or groups to the catalog if :mkusers not running as root" do
         Puppet.features.stubs(:root?).returns false
 
         catalog = @settings.to_catalog
         catalog.resource(:user, "suser").should be_nil
         catalog.resource(:group, "sgroup").should be_nil
       end
 
       it "should not add users or groups to the catalog if :mkusers is not a valid setting" do
         Puppet.features.stubs(:root?).returns true
         settings = Puppet::Settings.new
         settings.define_settings :other, :otherdir => {:type => :directory, :default => "/otherdir", :desc => "a", :owner => "service", :group => "service"}
 
         catalog = settings.to_catalog
         catalog.resource(:user, "suser").should be_nil
         catalog.resource(:group, "sgroup").should be_nil
       end
 
       it "should not add users or groups to the catalog if :mkusers is a valid setting but is disabled" do
         @settings[:mkusers] = false
 
         catalog = @settings.to_catalog
         catalog.resource(:user, "suser").should be_nil
         catalog.resource(:group, "sgroup").should be_nil
       end
 
       it "should not try to add users or groups to the catalog twice" do
         @settings.define_settings :yay, :yaydir => {:type => :directory, :default => "/yaydir", :desc => "a", :owner => "service", :group => "service"}
 
         # This would fail if users/groups were added twice
         lambda { @settings.to_catalog }.should_not raise_error
       end
 
       it "should set :ensure to :present on each created user and group" do
         @catalog.resource(:user, "suser")[:ensure].should == :present
         @catalog.resource(:group, "sgroup")[:ensure].should == :present
       end
 
       it "should set each created user's :gid to the service group" do
         @settings.to_catalog.resource(:user, "suser")[:gid].should == "sgroup"
       end
 
       it "should not attempt to manage the root user" do
         Puppet.features.stubs(:root?).returns true
         @settings.define_settings :foo, :foodir => {:type => :directory, :default => "/foodir", :desc => "a", :owner => "root", :group => "service"}
 
         @settings.to_catalog.resource(:user, "root").should be_nil
       end
     end
   end
 
   it "should be able to be converted to a manifest" do
     Puppet::Settings.new.should respond_to(:to_manifest)
   end
 
   describe "when being converted to a manifest" do
     it "should produce a string with the code for each resource joined by two carriage returns" do
       @settings = Puppet::Settings.new
       @settings.define_settings :main,
           :maindir => { :type => :directory, :default => "/maindir", :desc => "a"},
           :seconddir => { :type => :directory, :default => "/seconddir", :desc => "a"}
 
       main = stub 'main_resource', :ref => "File[/maindir]"
       main.expects(:to_manifest).returns "maindir"
       second = stub 'second_resource', :ref => "File[/seconddir]"
       second.expects(:to_manifest).returns "seconddir"
       @settings.setting(:maindir).expects(:to_resource).returns main
       @settings.setting(:seconddir).expects(:to_resource).returns second
 
       @settings.to_manifest.split("\n\n").sort.should == %w{maindir seconddir}
     end
   end
 
   describe "when using sections of the configuration to manage the local host" do
     before do
       @settings = Puppet::Settings.new
       @settings.stubs(:service_user_available?).returns true
       @settings.stubs(:service_group_available?).returns true
       @settings.define_settings :main, :noop => { :default => false, :desc => "", :type => :boolean }
       @settings.define_settings :main,
           :maindir => { :type => :directory, :default => make_absolute("/maindir"), :desc => "a" },
           :seconddir => { :type => :directory, :default => make_absolute("/seconddir"), :desc => "a"}
       @settings.define_settings :main, :user => { :default => "suser", :desc => "doc" }, :group => { :default => "sgroup", :desc => "doc" }
       @settings.define_settings :other, :otherdir => {:type => :directory, :default => make_absolute("/otherdir"), :desc => "a", :owner => "service", :group => "service", :mode => 0755}
       @settings.define_settings :third, :thirddir => { :type => :directory, :default => make_absolute("/thirddir"), :desc => "b"}
       @settings.define_settings :files, :myfile => {:type => :file, :default => make_absolute("/myfile"), :desc => "a", :mode => 0755}
     end
 
     it "should provide a method that creates directories with the correct modes" do
       Puppet::Util::SUIDManager.expects(:asuser).with("suser", "sgroup").yields
       Dir.expects(:mkdir).with(make_absolute("/otherdir"), 0755)
       @settings.mkdir(:otherdir)
     end
 
     it "should create a catalog with the specified sections" do
       @settings.expects(:to_catalog).with(:main, :other).returns Puppet::Resource::Catalog.new("foo")
       @settings.use(:main, :other)
     end
 
     it "should canonicalize the sections" do
       @settings.expects(:to_catalog).with(:main, :other).returns Puppet::Resource::Catalog.new("foo")
       @settings.use("main", "other")
     end
 
     it "should ignore sections that have already been used" do
       @settings.expects(:to_catalog).with(:main).returns Puppet::Resource::Catalog.new("foo")
       @settings.use(:main)
       @settings.expects(:to_catalog).with(:other).returns Puppet::Resource::Catalog.new("foo")
       @settings.use(:main, :other)
     end
 
     it "should convert the created catalog to a RAL catalog" do
       @catalog = Puppet::Resource::Catalog.new("foo")
       @settings.expects(:to_catalog).with(:main).returns @catalog
 
       @catalog.expects(:to_ral).returns @catalog
       @settings.use(:main)
     end
 
     it "should specify that it is not managing a host catalog" do
       catalog = Puppet::Resource::Catalog.new("foo")
       catalog.expects(:apply)
       @settings.expects(:to_catalog).returns catalog
 
       catalog.stubs(:to_ral).returns catalog
 
       catalog.expects(:host_config=).with false
 
       @settings.use(:main)
     end
 
     it "should support a method for re-using all currently used sections" do
       @settings.expects(:to_catalog).with(:main, :third).times(2).returns Puppet::Resource::Catalog.new("foo")
 
       @settings.use(:main, :third)
       @settings.reuse
     end
 
     it "should fail with an appropriate message if any resources fail" do
       @catalog = Puppet::Resource::Catalog.new("foo")
       @catalog.stubs(:to_ral).returns @catalog
       @settings.expects(:to_catalog).returns @catalog
 
       @trans = mock("transaction")
       @catalog.expects(:apply).yields(@trans)
 
       @trans.expects(:any_failed?).returns(true)
 
       report = mock 'report'
       @trans.expects(:report).returns report
 
       log = mock 'log', :to_s => "My failure", :level => :err
       report.expects(:logs).returns [log]
 
       @settings.expects(:raise).with { |msg| msg.include?("My failure") }
       @settings.use(:whatever)
     end
   end
 
   describe "when dealing with printing configs" do
     before do
       @settings = Puppet::Settings.new
       #these are the magic default values
       @settings.stubs(:value).with(:configprint).returns("")
       @settings.stubs(:value).with(:genconfig).returns(false)
       @settings.stubs(:value).with(:genmanifest).returns(false)
       @settings.stubs(:value).with(:environment).returns(nil)
     end
 
     describe "when checking print_config?" do
       it "should return false when the :configprint, :genconfig and :genmanifest are not set" do
         @settings.print_configs?.should be_false
       end
 
       it "should return true when :configprint has a value" do
         @settings.stubs(:value).with(:configprint).returns("something")
         @settings.print_configs?.should be_true
       end
 
       it "should return true when :genconfig has a value" do
         @settings.stubs(:value).with(:genconfig).returns(true)
         @settings.print_configs?.should be_true
       end
 
       it "should return true when :genmanifest has a value" do
         @settings.stubs(:value).with(:genmanifest).returns(true)
         @settings.print_configs?.should be_true
       end
     end
 
     describe "when printing configs" do
       describe "when :configprint has a value" do
         it "should call print_config_options" do
           @settings.stubs(:value).with(:configprint).returns("something")
           @settings.expects(:print_config_options)
           @settings.print_configs
         end
 
         it "should get the value of the option using the environment" do
           @settings.stubs(:value).with(:configprint).returns("something")
           @settings.stubs(:include?).with("something").returns(true)
           @settings.expects(:value).with(:environment).returns("env")
           @settings.expects(:value).with("something", "env").returns("foo")
           @settings.stubs(:puts).with("foo")
           @settings.print_configs
         end
 
         it "should print the value of the option" do
           @settings.stubs(:value).with(:configprint).returns("something")
           @settings.stubs(:include?).with("something").returns(true)
           @settings.stubs(:value).with("something", nil).returns("foo")
           @settings.expects(:puts).with("foo")
           @settings.print_configs
         end
 
         it "should print the value pairs if there are multiple options" do
           @settings.stubs(:value).with(:configprint).returns("bar,baz")
           @settings.stubs(:include?).with("bar").returns(true)
           @settings.stubs(:include?).with("baz").returns(true)
           @settings.stubs(:value).with("bar", nil).returns("foo")
           @settings.stubs(:value).with("baz", nil).returns("fud")
           @settings.expects(:puts).with("bar = foo")
           @settings.expects(:puts).with("baz = fud")
           @settings.print_configs
         end
 
         it "should return true after printing" do
           @settings.stubs(:value).with(:configprint).returns("something")
           @settings.stubs(:include?).with("something").returns(true)
           @settings.stubs(:value).with("something", nil).returns("foo")
           @settings.stubs(:puts).with("foo")
           @settings.print_configs.should be_true
         end
 
         it "should return false if a config param is not found" do
           @settings.stubs :puts
           @settings.stubs(:value).with(:configprint).returns("something")
           @settings.stubs(:include?).with("something").returns(false)
           @settings.print_configs.should be_false
         end
       end
 
       describe "when genconfig is true" do
         before do
           @settings.stubs :puts
         end
 
         it "should call to_config" do
           @settings.stubs(:value).with(:genconfig).returns(true)
           @settings.expects(:to_config)
           @settings.print_configs
         end
 
         it "should return true from print_configs" do
           @settings.stubs(:value).with(:genconfig).returns(true)
           @settings.stubs(:to_config)
           @settings.print_configs.should be_true
         end
       end
 
       describe "when genmanifest is true" do
         before do
           @settings.stubs :puts
         end
 
         it "should call to_config" do
           @settings.stubs(:value).with(:genmanifest).returns(true)
           @settings.expects(:to_manifest)
           @settings.print_configs
         end
 
         it "should return true from print_configs" do
           @settings.stubs(:value).with(:genmanifest).returns(true)
           @settings.stubs(:to_manifest)
           @settings.print_configs.should be_true
         end
       end
     end
   end
 
   describe "when determining if the service user is available" do
     let(:settings) do
       settings = Puppet::Settings.new
       settings.define_settings :main, :user => { :default => nil, :desc => "doc" }
       settings
     end
 
     def a_user_type_for(username)
       user = mock 'user'
       Puppet::Type.type(:user).expects(:new).with { |args| args[:name] == username }.returns user
       user
     end
 
     it "should return false if there is no user setting" do
       settings.should_not be_service_user_available
     end
 
     it "should return false if the user provider says the user is missing" do
       settings[:user] = "foo"
 
       a_user_type_for("foo").expects(:exists?).returns false
 
       settings.should_not be_service_user_available
     end
 
     it "should return true if the user provider says the user is present" do
       settings[:user] = "foo"
 
       a_user_type_for("foo").expects(:exists?).returns true
 
       settings.should be_service_user_available
     end
 
     it "caches the result of determining if the user is present" do
       settings[:user] = "foo"
 
       a_user_type_for("foo").expects(:exists?).returns true
       settings.should be_service_user_available
 
       settings.should be_service_user_available
     end
   end
 
   describe "when determining if the service group is available" do
     let(:settings) do
       settings = Puppet::Settings.new
       settings.define_settings :main, :group => { :default => nil, :desc => "doc" }
       settings
     end
 
     def a_group_type_for(groupname)
       group = mock 'group'
       Puppet::Type.type(:group).expects(:new).with { |args| args[:name] == groupname }.returns group
       group
     end
 
     it "should return false if there is no group setting" do
       settings.should_not be_service_group_available
     end
 
     it "should return false if the group provider says the group is missing" do
       settings[:group] = "foo"
 
       a_group_type_for("foo").expects(:exists?).returns false
 
       settings.should_not be_service_group_available
     end
 
     it "should return true if the group provider says the group is present" do
       settings[:group] = "foo"
 
       a_group_type_for("foo").expects(:exists?).returns true
 
       settings.should be_service_group_available
     end
 
     it "caches the result of determining if the group is present" do
       settings[:group] = "foo"
 
       a_group_type_for("foo").expects(:exists?).returns true
       settings.should be_service_group_available
 
       settings.should be_service_group_available
     end
   end
 
   describe "when dealing with command-line options" do
     let(:settings) { Puppet::Settings.new }
 
     it "should get options from Puppet.settings.optparse_addargs" do
       settings.expects(:optparse_addargs).returns([])
 
       settings.send(:parse_global_options, [])
     end
 
     it "should add options to OptionParser" do
       settings.stubs(:optparse_addargs).returns( [["--option","-o", "Funny Option", :NONE]])
       settings.expects(:handlearg).with("--option", true)
       settings.send(:parse_global_options, ["--option"])
     end
 
     it "should not die if it sees an unrecognized option, because the app/face may handle it later" do
       expect { settings.send(:parse_global_options, ["--topuppet", "value"]) } .to_not raise_error
     end
 
     it "should not pass an unrecognized option to handleargs" do
       settings.expects(:handlearg).with("--topuppet", "value").never
       expect { settings.send(:parse_global_options, ["--topuppet", "value"]) } .to_not raise_error
     end
 
     it "should pass valid puppet settings options to handlearg even if they appear after an unrecognized option" do
       settings.stubs(:optparse_addargs).returns( [["--option","-o", "Funny Option", :NONE]])
       settings.expects(:handlearg).with("--option", true)
       settings.send(:parse_global_options, ["--invalidoption", "--option"])
     end
 
     it "should transform boolean option to normal form" do
       Puppet::Settings.clean_opt("--[no-]option", true).should == ["--option", true]
     end
 
     it "should transform boolean option to no- form" do
       Puppet::Settings.clean_opt("--[no-]option", false).should == ["--no-option", false]
     end
 
     it "should set preferred run mode from --run_mode <foo> string without error" do
       args = ["--run_mode", "master"]
       settings.expects(:handlearg).with("--run_mode", "master").never
       expect { settings.send(:parse_global_options, args) } .to_not raise_error
       Puppet.settings.preferred_run_mode.should == :master
       args.empty?.should == true
     end
 
     it "should set preferred run mode from --run_mode=<foo> string without error" do
       args = ["--run_mode=master"]
       settings.expects(:handlearg).with("--run_mode", "master").never
       expect { settings.send(:parse_global_options, args) } .to_not raise_error
       Puppet.settings.preferred_run_mode.should == :master
       args.empty?.should == true
     end
   end
 
   describe "default_certname" do
     describe "using hostname and domainname" do
       before :each do
         Puppet::Settings.stubs(:hostname_fact).returns("testhostname")
         Puppet::Settings.stubs(:domain_fact).returns("domain.test.")
       end
 
       it "should use both to generate fqdn" do
         Puppet::Settings.default_certname.should =~ /testhostname\.domain\.test/
       end
       it "should remove trailing dots from fqdn" do
         Puppet::Settings.default_certname.should == 'testhostname.domain.test'
       end
     end
 
     describe "using just hostname" do
       before :each do
         Puppet::Settings.stubs(:hostname_fact).returns("testhostname")
         Puppet::Settings.stubs(:domain_fact).returns("")
       end
 
       it "should use only hostname to generate fqdn" do
         Puppet::Settings.default_certname.should == "testhostname"
       end
       it "should removing trailing dots from fqdn" do
         Puppet::Settings.default_certname.should == "testhostname"
       end
     end
   end
 end