diff --git a/src/app/Http/Controllers/API/SignupController.php b/src/app/Http/Controllers/API/SignupController.php
index b1a69e2f..754e393c 100644
--- a/src/app/Http/Controllers/API/SignupController.php
+++ b/src/app/Http/Controllers/API/SignupController.php
@@ -1,380 +1,378 @@
 <?php
 
 namespace App\Http\Controllers\API;
 
 use App\Http\Controllers\Controller;
 use App\Jobs\SignupVerificationEmail;
 use App\Jobs\SignupVerificationSMS;
 use App\Discount;
 use App\Domain;
 use App\Plan;
 use App\Rules\ExternalEmail;
 use App\Rules\UserEmailDomain;
 use App\Rules\UserEmailLocal;
 use App\SignupCode;
 use App\User;
 use Illuminate\Http\Request;
 use Illuminate\Support\Facades\DB;
 use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Validator;
 use Illuminate\Support\Str;
 
 /**
  * Signup process API
  */
 class SignupController extends Controller
 {
     /** @var ?\App\SignupCode A verification code object */
     protected $code;
 
     /** @var ?\App\Plan Signup plan object */
     protected $plan;
 
 
     /**
      * Returns plans definitions for signup.
      *
      * @param \Illuminate\Http\Request $request HTTP request
      *
      * @return \Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse JSON response
      */
     public function plans(Request $request)
     {
         $plans = [];
 
         // Use reverse order just to have individual on left, group on right ;)
         Plan::select()->orderByDesc('title')->get()->map(function ($plan) use (&$plans) {
             $plans[] = [
                 'title' => $plan->title,
                 'name' => $plan->name,
                 'button' => __('app.planbutton', ['plan' => $plan->name]),
                 'description' => $plan->description,
             ];
         });
 
         return response()->json(['status' => 'success', 'plans' => $plans]);
     }
 
     /**
      * Starts signup process.
      *
      * Verifies user name and email/phone, sends verification email/sms message.
      * Returns the verification code.
      *
      * @param \Illuminate\Http\Request $request HTTP request
      *
      * @return \Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse JSON response
      */
     public function init(Request $request)
     {
         // Check required fields
         $v = Validator::make(
             $request->all(),
             [
                 'email' => 'required',
                 'first_name' => 'max:128',
                 'last_name' => 'max:128',
                 'plan' => 'nullable|alpha_num|max:128',
                 'voucher' => 'max:32',
             ]
         );
 
         $is_phone = false;
         $errors = $v->fails() ? $v->errors()->toArray() : [];
 
         // Validate user email (or phone)
         if (empty($errors['email'])) {
             if ($error = $this->validatePhoneOrEmail($request->email, $is_phone)) {
                 $errors['email'] = $error;
             }
         }
 
         if (!empty($errors)) {
             return response()->json(['status' => 'error', 'errors' => $errors], 422);
         }
 
         // Generate the verification code
         $code = SignupCode::create([
-                'data' => [
-                    'email' => $request->email,
-                    'first_name' => $request->first_name,
-                    'last_name' => $request->last_name,
-                    'plan' => $request->plan,
-                    'voucher' => $request->voucher,
-                ]
+                'email' => $request->email,
+                'first_name' => $request->first_name,
+                'last_name' => $request->last_name,
+                'plan' => $request->plan,
+                'voucher' => $request->voucher,
         ]);
 
         // Send email/sms message
         if ($is_phone) {
             SignupVerificationSMS::dispatch($code);
         } else {
             SignupVerificationEmail::dispatch($code);
         }
 
         return response()->json(['status' => 'success', 'code' => $code->code]);
     }
 
     /**
      * Validation of the verification code.
      *
      * @param \Illuminate\Http\Request $request HTTP request
      *
      * @return \Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse JSON response
      */
     public function verify(Request $request)
     {
         // Validate the request args
         $v = Validator::make(
             $request->all(),
             [
                 'code' => 'required',
                 'short_code' => 'required',
             ]
         );
 
         if ($v->fails()) {
             return response()->json(['status' => 'error', 'errors' => $v->errors()], 422);
         }
 
         // Validate the verification code
         $code = SignupCode::find($request->code);
 
         if (
             empty($code)
             || $code->isExpired()
             || Str::upper($request->short_code) !== Str::upper($code->short_code)
         ) {
             $errors = ['short_code' => "The code is invalid or expired."];
             return response()->json(['status' => 'error', 'errors' => $errors], 422);
         }
 
         // For signup last-step mode remember the code object, so we can delete it
         // with single SQL query (->delete()) instead of two (::destroy())
         $this->code = $code;
 
         $has_domain = $this->getPlan()->hasDomain();
 
         // Return user name and email/phone/voucher from the codes database,
         // domains list for selection and "plan type" flag
         return response()->json([
                 'status' => 'success',
-                'email' => $code->data['email'],
-                'first_name' => $code->data['first_name'],
-                'last_name' => $code->data['last_name'],
-                'voucher' => $code->data['voucher'],
+                'email' => $code->email,
+                'first_name' => $code->first_name,
+                'last_name' => $code->last_name,
+                'voucher' => $code->voucher,
                 'is_domain' => $has_domain,
                 'domains' => $has_domain ? [] : Domain::getPublicDomains(),
         ]);
     }
 
     /**
      * Finishes the signup process by creating the user account.
      *
      * @param \Illuminate\Http\Request $request HTTP request
      *
      * @return \Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse JSON response
      */
     public function signup(Request $request)
     {
         // Validate input
         $v = Validator::make(
             $request->all(),
             [
                 'login' => 'required|min:2',
                 'password' => 'required|min:4|confirmed',
                 'domain' => 'required',
                 'voucher' => 'max:32',
             ]
         );
 
         if ($v->fails()) {
             return response()->json(['status' => 'error', 'errors' => $v->errors()], 422);
         }
 
         // Validate verification codes (again)
         $v = $this->verify($request);
         if ($v->status() !== 200) {
             return $v;
         }
 
         // Find the voucher discount
         if ($request->voucher) {
             $discount = Discount::where('code', \strtoupper($request->voucher))
                 ->where('active', true)->first();
 
             if (!$discount) {
                 $errors = ['voucher' => \trans('validation.voucherinvalid')];
                 return response()->json(['status' => 'error', 'errors' => $errors], 422);
             }
         }
 
         // Get the plan
         $plan = $this->getPlan();
         $is_domain = $plan->hasDomain();
 
         $login = $request->login;
         $domain_name = $request->domain;
 
         // Validate login
         if ($errors = self::validateLogin($login, $domain_name, $is_domain)) {
             return response()->json(['status' => 'error', 'errors' => $errors], 422);
         }
 
         // Get user name/email from the verification code database
         $code_data  = $v->getData();
         $user_email = $code_data->email;
 
         // We allow only ASCII, so we can safely lower-case the email address
         $login = Str::lower($login);
         $domain_name = Str::lower($domain_name);
         $domain = null;
 
         DB::beginTransaction();
 
         // Create domain record
         if ($is_domain) {
             $domain = Domain::create([
                     'namespace' => $domain_name,
                     'status' => Domain::STATUS_NEW,
                     'type' => Domain::TYPE_EXTERNAL,
             ]);
         }
 
         // Create user record
         $user = User::create([
                 'email' => $login . '@' . $domain_name,
                 'password' => $request->password,
         ]);
 
         if (!empty($discount)) {
             $wallet = $user->wallets()->first();
             $wallet->discount()->associate($discount);
             $wallet->save();
         }
 
         $user->assignPlan($plan, $domain);
 
         // Save the external email and plan in user settings
         $user->setSettings([
                 'external_email' => $user_email,
                 'first_name' => $code_data->first_name,
                 'last_name' => $code_data->last_name,
         ]);
 
         // Remove the verification code
         $this->code->delete();
 
         DB::commit();
 
         return AuthController::logonResponse($user);
     }
 
     /**
      * Returns plan for the signup process
      *
      * @returns \App\Plan Plan object selected for current signup process
      */
     protected function getPlan()
     {
         if (!$this->plan) {
             // Get the plan if specified and exists...
-            if ($this->code && $this->code->data['plan']) {
-                $plan = Plan::where('title', $this->code->data['plan'])->first();
+            if ($this->code && $this->code->plan) {
+                $plan = Plan::where('title', $this->code->plan)->first();
             }
 
             // ...otherwise use the default plan
             if (empty($plan)) {
                 // TODO: Get default plan title from config
                 $plan = Plan::where('title', 'individual')->first();
             }
 
             $this->plan = $plan;
         }
 
         return $this->plan;
     }
 
     /**
      * Checks if the input string is a valid email address or a phone number
      *
      * @param string $input    Email address or phone number
      * @param bool   $is_phone Will have been set to True if the string is valid phone number
      *
      * @return string Error message on validation error
      */
     protected static function validatePhoneOrEmail($input, &$is_phone = false): ?string
     {
         $is_phone = false;
 
         $v = Validator::make(
             ['email' => $input],
             ['email' => ['required', 'string', new ExternalEmail()]]
         );
 
         if ($v->fails()) {
             return $v->errors()->toArray()['email'][0];
         }
 
         // TODO: Phone number support
 /*
         $input = str_replace(array('-', ' '), '', $input);
 
         if (!preg_match('/^\+?[0-9]{9,12}$/', $input)) {
             return \trans('validation.noemailorphone');
         }
 
         $is_phone = true;
 */
         return null;
     }
 
     /**
      * Login (kolab identity) validation
      *
      * @param string $login    Login (local part of an email address)
      * @param string $domain   Domain name
      * @param bool   $external Enables additional checks for domain part
      *
      * @return array Error messages on validation error
      */
     protected static function validateLogin($login, $domain, $external = false): ?array
     {
         // Validate login part alone
         $v = Validator::make(
             ['login' => $login],
             ['login' => ['required', 'string', new UserEmailLocal($external)]]
         );
 
         if ($v->fails()) {
             return ['login' => $v->errors()->toArray()['login'][0]];
         }
 
         $domains = $external ? null : Domain::getPublicDomains();
 
         // Validate the domain
         $v = Validator::make(
             ['domain' => $domain],
             ['domain' => ['required', 'string', new UserEmailDomain($domains)]]
         );
 
         if ($v->fails()) {
             return ['domain' => $v->errors()->toArray()['domain'][0]];
         }
 
         $domain = Str::lower($domain);
 
         // Check if domain is already registered with us
         if ($external) {
             if (Domain::where('namespace', $domain)->first()) {
                 return ['domain' => \trans('validation.domainexists')];
             }
         }
 
         // Check if user with specified login already exists
         $email = $login . '@' . $domain;
         if (User::emailExists($email) || User::aliasExists($email) || \App\Group::emailExists($email)) {
             return ['login' => \trans('validation.loginexists')];
         }
 
         return null;
     }
 }
diff --git a/src/app/Http/Controllers/Controller.php b/src/app/Http/Controllers/Controller.php
index 9e957987..846658d7 100644
--- a/src/app/Http/Controllers/Controller.php
+++ b/src/app/Http/Controllers/Controller.php
@@ -1,49 +1,50 @@
 <?php
 
 namespace App\Http\Controllers;
 
 use Illuminate\Foundation\Bus\DispatchesJobs;
 use Illuminate\Routing\Controller as BaseController;
 use Illuminate\Foundation\Validation\ValidatesRequests;
 use Illuminate\Foundation\Auth\Access\AuthorizesRequests;
 
 class Controller extends BaseController
 {
     use AuthorizesRequests;
     use DispatchesJobs;
     use ValidatesRequests;
 
 
     /**
      * Common error response builder for API (JSON) responses
      *
      * @param int    $code    Error code
      * @param string $message Error message
      * @param array  $data    Additional response data
      *
      * @return \Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse
      */
     protected function errorResponse(int $code, string $message = null, array $data = [])
     {
         $errors = [
             400 => "Bad request",
             401 => "Unauthorized",
             403 => "Access denied",
             404 => "Not found",
-            422 => "Input validation error",
             405 => "Method not allowed",
+            422 => "Input validation error",
+            429 => "Too many requests",
             500 => "Internal server error",
         ];
 
         $response = [
             'status' => 'error',
             'message' => $message ?: (isset($errors[$code]) ? $errors[$code] : "Server error"),
         ];
 
         if (!empty($data)) {
             $response = $response + $data;
         }
 
         return response()->json($response, $code);
     }
 }
diff --git a/src/app/Jobs/SignupVerificationEmail.php b/src/app/Jobs/SignupVerificationEmail.php
index dd578fce..bf51ed2c 100644
--- a/src/app/Jobs/SignupVerificationEmail.php
+++ b/src/app/Jobs/SignupVerificationEmail.php
@@ -1,63 +1,63 @@
 <?php
 
 namespace App\Jobs;
 
 use App\Mail\SignupVerification;
 use App\SignupCode;
 use Illuminate\Bus\Queueable;
 use Illuminate\Contracts\Queue\ShouldQueue;
 use Illuminate\Foundation\Bus\Dispatchable;
 use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Mail;
 use Illuminate\Queue\SerializesModels;
 use Illuminate\Queue\InteractsWithQueue;
 
 class SignupVerificationEmail implements ShouldQueue
 {
     use Dispatchable;
     use InteractsWithQueue;
     use Queueable;
     use SerializesModels;
 
     /** @var int The number of times the job may be attempted. */
     public $tries = 2;
 
     /** @var bool Delete the job if its models no longer exist. */
     public $deleteWhenMissingModels = true;
 
     /** @var SignupCode Signup verification code object */
     protected $code;
 
 
     /**
      * Create a new job instance.
      *
      * @param SignupCode $code Verification code object
      *
      * @return void
      */
     public function __construct(SignupCode $code)
     {
         $this->code = $code;
     }
 
     /**
      * Determine the time at which the job should timeout.
      *
      * @return \DateTime
      */
     public function retryUntil()
     {
         // FIXME: I think it does not make sense to continue trying after 1 hour
         return now()->addHours(1);
     }
 
     /**
      * Execute the job.
      *
      * @return void
      */
     public function handle()
     {
-        Mail::to($this->code->data['email'])->send(new SignupVerification($this->code));
+        Mail::to($this->code->email)->send(new SignupVerification($this->code));
     }
 }
diff --git a/src/app/Mail/SignupVerification.php b/src/app/Mail/SignupVerification.php
index 039263a1..e8847b88 100644
--- a/src/app/Mail/SignupVerification.php
+++ b/src/app/Mail/SignupVerification.php
@@ -1,87 +1,85 @@
 <?php
 
 namespace App\Mail;
 
 use App\SignupCode;
 use App\Utils;
 use Illuminate\Bus\Queueable;
 use Illuminate\Mail\Mailable;
 use Illuminate\Queue\SerializesModels;
 use Illuminate\Support\Str;
 
 class SignupVerification extends Mailable
 {
     use Queueable;
     use SerializesModels;
 
     /** @var SignupCode A signup verification code object */
     protected $code;
 
 
     /**
      * Create a new message instance.
      *
      * @param SignupCode $code A signup verification code object
      *
      * @return void
      */
     public function __construct(SignupCode $code)
     {
         $this->code = $code;
     }
 
     /**
      * Build the message.
      *
      * @return $this
      */
     public function build()
     {
         $href = Utils::serviceUrl(
             sprintf('/signup/%s-%s', $this->code->short_code, $this->code->code)
         );
 
-        $username = $this->code->data['first_name'] ?? '';
-        if (!empty($this->code->data['last_name'])) {
-            $username .= ' ' . $this->code->data['last_name'];
+        $username = $this->code->first_name ?? '';
+        if (!empty($this->code->last_name)) {
+            $username .= ' ' . $this->code->last_name;
         }
         $username = trim($username);
 
         $this->view('emails.html.signup_code')
             ->text('emails.plain.signup_code')
             ->subject(__('mail.signupcode-subject', ['site' => \config('app.name')]))
             ->with([
                     'site' => \config('app.name'),
                     'username' => $username ?: 'User',
                     'code' => $this->code->code,
                     'short_code' => $this->code->short_code,
                     'href' => $href,
             ]);
 
         return $this;
     }
 
     /**
      * Render the mail template with fake data
      *
      * @param string $type Output format ('html' or 'text')
      *
      * @return string HTML or Plain Text output
      */
     public static function fakeRender(string $type = 'html'): string
     {
         $code = new SignupCode([
                 'code' => Str::random(SignupCode::CODE_LENGTH),
                 'short_code' => SignupCode::generateShortCode(),
-                'data' => [
-                    'email' => 'test@' . \config('app.domain'),
-                    'first_name' => 'Firstname',
-                    'last_name' => 'Lastname',
-                ],
+                'email' => 'test@' . \config('app.domain'),
+                'first_name' => 'Firstname',
+                'last_name' => 'Lastname',
         ]);
 
         $mail = new self($code);
 
         return Helper::render($mail, $type);
     }
 }
diff --git a/src/app/Observers/SignupCodeObserver.php b/src/app/Observers/SignupCodeObserver.php
index 9f90c9fc..8c832697 100644
--- a/src/app/Observers/SignupCodeObserver.php
+++ b/src/app/Observers/SignupCodeObserver.php
@@ -1,39 +1,67 @@
 <?php
 
 namespace App\Observers;
 
 use App\SignupCode;
 use Carbon\Carbon;
 use Illuminate\Support\Str;
 
 class SignupCodeObserver
 {
     /**
      * Handle the "creating" event.
      *
      * Ensure that the code entry is created with a random code/short_code.
      *
      * @param \App\SignupCode $code The code being created.
      *
      * @return void
      */
     public function creating(SignupCode $code): void
     {
         $code_length = SignupCode::CODE_LENGTH;
         $exp_hours   = env('SIGNUP_CODE_EXPIRY', SignupCode::CODE_EXP_HOURS);
 
         if (empty($code->code)) {
             $code->short_code = SignupCode::generateShortCode();
 
             // FIXME: Replace this with something race-condition free
             while (true) {
                 $code->code = Str::random($code_length);
                 if (!SignupCode::find($code->code)) {
                     break;
                 }
             }
         }
 
         $code->expires_at = Carbon::now()->addHours($exp_hours);
+        $code->ip_address = request()->ip();
+
+        if ($code->email) {
+            $parts = explode('@', $code->email);
+
+            $code->local_part = $parts[0];
+            $code->domain_part = $parts[1];
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Handle the "updating" event.
+     *
+     * @param SignupCode $code The code being updated.
+     *
+     * @return void
+     */
+    public function updating(SignupCode $code)
+    {
+        if ($code->email) {
+            $parts = explode('@', $code->email);
+
+            $code->local_part = $parts[0];
+            $code->domain_part = $parts[1];
+        } else {
+            $code->local_part = null;
+            $code->domain_part = null;
+        }
     }
 }
diff --git a/src/app/Observers/VerificationCodeObserver.php b/src/app/Observers/VerificationCodeObserver.php
index 755b2898..4b33ba73 100644
--- a/src/app/Observers/VerificationCodeObserver.php
+++ b/src/app/Observers/VerificationCodeObserver.php
@@ -1,40 +1,39 @@
 <?php
 
 namespace App\Observers;
 
 use App\VerificationCode;
-use App\SignupCode;
 use Carbon\Carbon;
 use Illuminate\Support\Str;
 
 class VerificationCodeObserver
 {
     /**
      * Handle the "creating" event.
      *
      * Ensure that the code entry is created with a random code/short_code.
      *
      * @param \App\VerificationCode $code The code being created.
      *
      * @return void
      */
     public function creating(VerificationCode $code): void
     {
         $code_length = VerificationCode::CODE_LENGTH;
         $exp_hours   = env('VERIFICATION_CODE_EXPIRY', VerificationCode::CODE_EXP_HOURS);
 
         if (empty($code->code)) {
             $code->short_code = VerificationCode::generateShortCode();
 
             // FIXME: Replace this with something race-condition free
             while (true) {
                 $code->code = Str::random($code_length);
                 if (!VerificationCode::find($code->code)) {
                     break;
                 }
             }
         }
 
         $code->expires_at = Carbon::now()->addHours($exp_hours);
     }
 }
diff --git a/src/app/SignupCode.php b/src/app/SignupCode.php
index 9f44dae0..29e43e2a 100644
--- a/src/app/SignupCode.php
+++ b/src/app/SignupCode.php
@@ -1,96 +1,104 @@
 <?php
 
 namespace App;
 
 use Carbon\Carbon;
 use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
+use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\SoftDeletes;
 
 /**
  * The eloquent definition of a SignupCode.
  *
- * @property string         $code
- * @property array          $data
- * @property \Carbon\Carbon $expires_at
- * @property string         $short_code
+ * @property string         $code        The full code identifier
+ * @property \Carbon\Carbon $created_at  The creation timestamp
+ * @property \Carbon\Carbon $deleted_at  The deletion timestamp
+ * @property string         $domain_part Email domain
+ * @property string         $email       Email address
+ * @property \Carbon\Carbon $expires_at  The code expiration timestamp
+ * @property string         $first_name  Firstname
+ * @property string         $ip_address  IP address the request came from
+ * @property string         $last_name   Lastname
+ * @property string         $local_part  Email local part
+ * @property string         $plan        Plan title
+ * @property string         $short_code  Short validation code
+ * @property \Carbon\Carbon $updated_at  The update timestamp
+ * @property string         $voucher     Voucher discount code
  */
 class SignupCode extends Model
 {
+    use SoftDeletes;
+
     public const SHORTCODE_LENGTH  = 5;
     public const CODE_LENGTH       = 32;
 
     // Code expires after so many hours
     public const CODE_EXP_HOURS    = 24;
 
 
     /**
      * The primary key associated with the table.
      *
      * @var string
      */
     protected $primaryKey = 'code';
 
     /**
      * Indicates if the IDs are auto-incrementing.
      *
      * @var bool
      */
     public $incrementing = false;
 
     /**
      * The "type" of the auto-incrementing ID.
      *
      * @var string
      */
     protected $keyType = 'string';
 
-    /**
-     * Indicates if the model should be timestamped.
-     *
-     * @var bool
-     */
-    public $timestamps = false;
-
     /**
      * The attributes that are mass assignable.
      *
      * @var array
      */
-    protected $fillable = ['code', 'short_code', 'data', 'expires_at'];
-
-    /**
-     * The attributes that should be cast to native types.
-     *
-     * @var array
-     */
-    protected $casts = ['data' => 'array'];
+    protected $fillable = [
+        'code',
+        'email',
+        'expires_at',
+        'first_name',
+        'last_name',
+        'plan',
+        'short_code',
+        'voucher'
+    ];
 
     /**
      * The attributes that should be mutated to dates.
      *
      * @var array
      */
     protected $dates = ['expires_at'];
 
     /**
      * Check if code is expired.
      *
      * @return bool True if code is expired, False otherwise
      */
     public function isExpired()
     {
         // @phpstan-ignore-next-line
         return $this->expires_at ? Carbon::now()->gte($this->expires_at) : false;
     }
 
     /**
      * Generate a short code (for human).
      *
      * @return string
      */
     public static function generateShortCode(): string
     {
         $code_length = env('SIGNUP_CODE_LENGTH', self::SHORTCODE_LENGTH);
 
         return \App\Utils::randStr($code_length);
     }
 }
diff --git a/src/app/User.php b/src/app/User.php
index 343953fb..44f2ff0e 100644
--- a/src/app/User.php
+++ b/src/app/User.php
@@ -1,723 +1,721 @@
 <?php
 
 namespace App;
 
 use App\Entitlement;
 use App\UserAlias;
 use App\Sku;
 use App\Traits\UserAliasesTrait;
 use App\Traits\SettingsTrait;
 use App\Wallet;
-use Illuminate\Notifications\Notifiable;
 use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\SoftDeletes;
 use Illuminate\Foundation\Auth\User as Authenticatable;
 use Iatstuti\Database\Support\NullableFields;
 use Tymon\JWTAuth\Contracts\JWTSubject;
 
 /**
  * The eloquent definition of a User.
  *
  * @property string $email
  * @property int    $id
  * @property string $password
  * @property int    $status
  */
 class User extends Authenticatable implements JWTSubject
 {
-    use Notifiable;
     use NullableFields;
     use UserAliasesTrait;
     use SettingsTrait;
     use SoftDeletes;
 
     // a new user, default on creation
     public const STATUS_NEW        = 1 << 0;
     // it's been activated
     public const STATUS_ACTIVE     = 1 << 1;
     // user has been suspended
     public const STATUS_SUSPENDED  = 1 << 2;
     // user has been deleted
     public const STATUS_DELETED    = 1 << 3;
     // user has been created in LDAP
     public const STATUS_LDAP_READY = 1 << 4;
     // user mailbox has been created in IMAP
     public const STATUS_IMAP_READY = 1 << 5;
 
 
     // change the default primary key type
     public $incrementing = false;
     protected $keyType = 'bigint';
 
     /**
      * The attributes that are mass assignable.
      *
      * @var array
      */
     protected $fillable = [
         'id',
         'email',
         'password',
         'password_ldap',
         'status'
     ];
 
     /**
      * The attributes that should be hidden for arrays.
      *
      * @var array
      */
     protected $hidden = [
         'password',
         'password_ldap',
         'role'
     ];
 
     protected $nullable = [
         'password',
         'password_ldap'
     ];
 
     /**
      * Any wallets on which this user is a controller.
      *
      * This does not include wallets owned by the user.
      *
      * @return \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\BelongsToMany
      */
     public function accounts()
     {
         return $this->belongsToMany(
             'App\Wallet',       // The foreign object definition
             'user_accounts',    // The table name
             'user_id',          // The local foreign key
             'wallet_id'         // The remote foreign key
         );
     }
 
     /**
      * Email aliases of this user.
      *
      * @return \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\HasMany
      */
     public function aliases()
     {
         return $this->hasMany('App\UserAlias', 'user_id');
     }
 
     /**
      * Assign a package to a user. The user should not have any existing entitlements.
      *
      * @param \App\Package   $package The package to assign.
      * @param \App\User|null $user    Assign the package to another user.
      *
      * @return \App\User
      */
     public function assignPackage($package, $user = null)
     {
         if (!$user) {
             $user = $this;
         }
 
         $wallet_id = $this->wallets()->first()->id;
 
         foreach ($package->skus as $sku) {
             for ($i = $sku->pivot->qty; $i > 0; $i--) {
                 \App\Entitlement::create(
                     [
                         'wallet_id' => $wallet_id,
                         'sku_id' => $sku->id,
                         'cost' => $sku->pivot->cost(),
                         'entitleable_id' => $user->id,
                         'entitleable_type' => User::class
                     ]
                 );
             }
         }
 
         return $user;
     }
 
     /**
      * Assign a package plan to a user.
      *
      * @param \App\Plan   $plan   The plan to assign
      * @param \App\Domain $domain Optional domain object
      *
      * @return \App\User Self
      */
     public function assignPlan($plan, $domain = null): User
     {
         $this->setSetting('plan_id', $plan->id);
 
         foreach ($plan->packages as $package) {
             if ($package->isDomain()) {
                 $domain->assignPackage($package, $this);
             } else {
                 $this->assignPackage($package);
             }
         }
 
         return $this;
     }
 
     /**
      * Assign a Sku to a user.
      *
      * @param \App\Sku $sku   The sku to assign.
      * @param int      $count Count of entitlements to add
      *
      * @return \App\User Self
      * @throws \Exception
      */
     public function assignSku(Sku $sku, int $count = 1): User
     {
         // TODO: I guess wallet could be parametrized in future
         $wallet = $this->wallet();
         $exists = $this->entitlements()->where('sku_id', $sku->id)->count();
 
         while ($count > 0) {
             \App\Entitlement::create([
                 'wallet_id' => $wallet->id,
                 'sku_id' => $sku->id,
                 'cost' => $exists >= $sku->units_free ? $sku->cost : 0,
                 'entitleable_id' => $this->id,
                 'entitleable_type' => User::class
             ]);
 
             $exists++;
             $count--;
         }
 
         return $this;
     }
 
     /**
      * Check if current user can delete another object.
      *
      * @param \App\User|\App\Domain $object A user|domain object
      *
      * @return bool True if he can, False otherwise
      */
     public function canDelete($object): bool
     {
         if (!method_exists($object, 'wallet')) {
             return false;
         }
 
         $wallet = $object->wallet();
 
         // TODO: For now controller can delete/update the account owner,
         //       this may change in future, controllers are not 0-regression feature
 
         return $this->wallets->contains($wallet) || $this->accounts->contains($wallet);
     }
 
     /**
      * Check if current user can read data of another object.
      *
      * @param \App\User|\App\Domain|\App\Wallet $object A user|domain|wallet object
      *
      * @return bool True if he can, False otherwise
      */
     public function canRead($object): bool
     {
         if ($this->role == "admin") {
             return true;
         }
 
         if ($object instanceof User && $this->id == $object->id) {
             return true;
         }
 
         if ($object instanceof Wallet) {
             return $object->user_id == $this->id || $object->controllers->contains($this);
         }
 
         if (!method_exists($object, 'wallet')) {
             return false;
         }
 
         $wallet = $object->wallet();
 
         return $this->wallets->contains($wallet) || $this->accounts->contains($wallet);
     }
 
     /**
      * Check if current user can update data of another object.
      *
      * @param \App\User|\App\Domain $object A user|domain object
      *
      * @return bool True if he can, False otherwise
      */
     public function canUpdate($object): bool
     {
         if (!method_exists($object, 'wallet')) {
             return false;
         }
 
         if ($object instanceof User && $this->id == $object->id) {
             return true;
         }
 
         return $this->canDelete($object);
     }
 
     /**
      * Return the \App\Domain for this user.
      *
      * @return \App\Domain|null
      */
     public function domain()
     {
         list($local, $domainName) = explode('@', $this->email);
 
         $domain = \App\Domain::withTrashed()->where('namespace', $domainName)->first();
 
         return $domain;
     }
 
     /**
      * List the domains to which this user is entitled.
      *
      * @return Domain[]
      */
     public function domains()
     {
         $dbdomains = Domain::whereRaw(
             sprintf(
                 '(type & %s) AND (status & %s)',
                 Domain::TYPE_PUBLIC,
                 Domain::STATUS_ACTIVE
             )
         )->get();
 
         $domains = [];
 
         foreach ($dbdomains as $dbdomain) {
             $domains[] = $dbdomain;
         }
 
         foreach ($this->wallets as $wallet) {
             $entitlements = $wallet->entitlements()->where('entitleable_type', Domain::class)->get();
             foreach ($entitlements as $entitlement) {
                 $domain = $entitlement->entitleable;
                 \Log::info("Found domain for {$this->email}: {$domain->namespace} (owned)");
                 $domains[] = $domain;
             }
         }
 
         foreach ($this->accounts as $wallet) {
             $entitlements = $wallet->entitlements()->where('entitleable_type', Domain::class)->get();
             foreach ($entitlements as $entitlement) {
                 $domain = $entitlement->entitleable;
                 \Log::info("Found domain {$this->email}: {$domain->namespace} (charged)");
                 $domains[] = $domain;
             }
         }
 
         return $domains;
     }
 
     /**
      * The user entitlement.
      *
      * @return \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\MorphOne
      */
     public function entitlement()
     {
         return $this->morphOne('App\Entitlement', 'entitleable');
     }
 
     /**
      * Entitlements for this user.
      *
      * Note that these are entitlements that apply to the user account, and not entitlements that
      * this user owns.
      *
      * @return \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\HasMany
      */
     public function entitlements()
     {
         return $this->hasMany('App\Entitlement', 'entitleable_id', 'id')
             ->where('entitleable_type', User::class);
     }
 
     /**
      * Find whether an email address exists as a user (including deleted users).
      *
      * @param string $email       Email address
      * @param bool   $return_user Return User instance instead of boolean
      *
      * @return \App\User|bool True or User model object if found, False otherwise
      */
     public static function emailExists(string $email, bool $return_user = false)
     {
         if (strpos($email, '@') === false) {
             return false;
         }
 
         $email = \strtolower($email);
 
         $user = self::withTrashed()->where('email', $email)->first();
 
         if ($user) {
             return $return_user ? $user : true;
         }
 
         return false;
     }
 
     /**
      * Helper to find user by email address, whether it is
      * main email address, alias or an external email.
      *
      * If there's more than one alias NULL will be returned.
      *
      * @param string $email    Email address
      * @param bool   $external Search also for an external email
      *
      * @return \App\User User model object if found
      */
     public static function findByEmail(string $email, bool $external = false): ?User
     {
         if (strpos($email, '@') === false) {
             return null;
         }
 
         $email = \strtolower($email);
 
         $user = self::where('email', $email)->first();
 
         if ($user) {
             return $user;
         }
 
         $aliases = UserAlias::where('alias', $email)->get();
 
         if (count($aliases) == 1) {
             return $aliases->first()->user;
         }
 
         // TODO: External email
 
         return null;
     }
 
     public function getJWTIdentifier()
     {
         return $this->getKey();
     }
 
     public function getJWTCustomClaims()
     {
         return [];
     }
 
     /**
      * Return groups controlled by the current user.
      *
      * @return \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Builder Query builder
      */
     public function groups()
     {
         $wallets = $this->wallets()->pluck('id')->all();
 
         $groupIds = \App\Entitlement::whereIn('entitlements.wallet_id', $wallets)
             ->where('entitlements.entitleable_type', Group::class)
             ->pluck('entitleable_id')
             ->all();
 
         return Group::whereIn('id', $groupIds);
     }
 
     /**
      * Check if user has an entitlement for the specified SKU.
      *
      * @param string $title The SKU title
      *
      * @return bool True if specified SKU entitlement exists
      */
     public function hasSku($title): bool
     {
         $sku = Sku::where('title', $title)->first();
 
         if (!$sku) {
             return false;
         }
 
         return $this->entitlements()->where('sku_id', $sku->id)->count() > 0;
     }
 
     /**
      * Returns whether this domain is active.
      *
      * @return bool
      */
     public function isActive(): bool
     {
         return ($this->status & self::STATUS_ACTIVE) > 0;
     }
 
     /**
      * Returns whether this domain is deleted.
      *
      * @return bool
      */
     public function isDeleted(): bool
     {
         return ($this->status & self::STATUS_DELETED) > 0;
     }
 
     /**
      * Returns whether this (external) domain has been verified
      * to exist in DNS.
      *
      * @return bool
      */
     public function isImapReady(): bool
     {
         return ($this->status & self::STATUS_IMAP_READY) > 0;
     }
 
     /**
      * Returns whether this user is registered in LDAP.
      *
      * @return bool
      */
     public function isLdapReady(): bool
     {
         return ($this->status & self::STATUS_LDAP_READY) > 0;
     }
 
     /**
      * Returns whether this user is new.
      *
      * @return bool
      */
     public function isNew(): bool
     {
         return ($this->status & self::STATUS_NEW) > 0;
     }
 
     /**
      * Returns whether this domain is suspended.
      *
      * @return bool
      */
     public function isSuspended(): bool
     {
         return ($this->status & self::STATUS_SUSPENDED) > 0;
     }
 
     /**
      * A shortcut to get the user name.
      *
      * @param bool $fallback Return "<aa.name> User" if there's no name
      *
      * @return string Full user name
      */
     public function name(bool $fallback = false): string
     {
         $firstname = $this->getSetting('first_name');
         $lastname = $this->getSetting('last_name');
 
         $name = trim($firstname . ' ' . $lastname);
 
         if (empty($name) && $fallback) {
             return \config('app.name') . ' User';
         }
 
         return $name;
     }
 
     /**
      * Remove a number of entitlements for the SKU.
      *
      * @param \App\Sku $sku   The SKU
      * @param int      $count The number of entitlements to remove
      *
      * @return User Self
      */
     public function removeSku(Sku $sku, int $count = 1): User
     {
         $entitlements = $this->entitlements()
             ->where('sku_id', $sku->id)
             ->orderBy('cost', 'desc')
             ->orderBy('created_at')
             ->get();
 
         $entitlements_count = count($entitlements);
 
         foreach ($entitlements as $entitlement) {
             if ($entitlements_count <= $sku->units_free) {
                 continue;
             }
 
             if ($count > 0) {
                 $entitlement->delete();
                 $entitlements_count--;
                 $count--;
             }
         }
 
         return $this;
     }
 
     /**
      * Any (additional) properties of this user.
      *
      * @return \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\HasMany
      */
     public function settings()
     {
         return $this->hasMany('App\UserSetting', 'user_id');
     }
 
     /**
      * Suspend this domain.
      *
      * @return void
      */
     public function suspend(): void
     {
         if ($this->isSuspended()) {
             return;
         }
 
         $this->status |= User::STATUS_SUSPENDED;
         $this->save();
     }
 
     /**
      * Unsuspend this domain.
      *
      * @return void
      */
     public function unsuspend(): void
     {
         if (!$this->isSuspended()) {
             return;
         }
 
         $this->status ^= User::STATUS_SUSPENDED;
         $this->save();
     }
 
     /**
      * Return users controlled by the current user.
      *
      * @param bool $with_accounts Include users assigned to wallets
      *                            the current user controls but not owns.
      *
      * @return \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Builder Query builder
      */
     public function users($with_accounts = true)
     {
         $wallets = $this->wallets()->pluck('id')->all();
 
         if ($with_accounts) {
             $wallets = array_merge($wallets, $this->accounts()->pluck('wallet_id')->all());
         }
 
         return $this->select(['users.*', 'entitlements.wallet_id'])
             ->distinct()
             ->leftJoin('entitlements', 'entitlements.entitleable_id', '=', 'users.id')
             ->whereIn('entitlements.wallet_id', $wallets)
             ->where('entitlements.entitleable_type', User::class);
     }
 
     /**
      * Verification codes for this user.
      *
      * @return \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\HasMany
      */
     public function verificationcodes()
     {
         return $this->hasMany('App\VerificationCode', 'user_id', 'id');
     }
 
     /**
      * Returns the wallet by which the user is controlled
      *
      * @return ?\App\Wallet A wallet object
      */
     public function wallet(): ?Wallet
     {
         $entitlement = $this->entitlement()->withTrashed()->first();
 
         // TODO: No entitlement should not happen, but in tests we have
         //       such cases, so we fallback to the user's wallet in this case
         return $entitlement ? $entitlement->wallet : $this->wallets()->first();
     }
 
     /**
      * Wallets this user owns.
      *
      * @return \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\HasMany
      */
     public function wallets()
     {
         return $this->hasMany('App\Wallet');
     }
 
     /**
      * User password mutator
      *
      * @param string $password The password in plain text.
      *
      * @return void
      */
     public function setPasswordAttribute($password)
     {
         if (!empty($password)) {
             $this->attributes['password'] = bcrypt($password, [ "rounds" => 12 ]);
             $this->attributes['password_ldap'] = '{SSHA512}' . base64_encode(
                 pack('H*', hash('sha512', $password))
             );
         }
     }
 
     /**
      * User LDAP password mutator
      *
      * @param string $password The password in plain text.
      *
      * @return void
      */
     public function setPasswordLdapAttribute($password)
     {
         $this->setPasswordAttribute($password);
     }
 
     /**
      * User status mutator
      *
      * @throws \Exception
      */
     public function setStatusAttribute($status)
     {
         $new_status = 0;
 
         $allowed_values = [
             self::STATUS_NEW,
             self::STATUS_ACTIVE,
             self::STATUS_SUSPENDED,
             self::STATUS_DELETED,
             self::STATUS_LDAP_READY,
             self::STATUS_IMAP_READY,
         ];
 
         foreach ($allowed_values as $value) {
             if ($status & $value) {
                 $new_status |= $value;
                 $status ^= $value;
             }
         }
 
         if ($status > 0) {
             throw new \Exception("Invalid user status: {$status}");
         }
 
         $this->attributes['status'] = $new_status;
     }
 }
diff --git a/src/app/Utils.php b/src/app/Utils.php
index d06c0ada..0f4f6320 100644
--- a/src/app/Utils.php
+++ b/src/app/Utils.php
@@ -1,409 +1,407 @@
 <?php
 
 namespace App;
 
 use Carbon\Carbon;
 use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Auth;
 use Ramsey\Uuid\Uuid;
 
 /**
  * Small utility functions for App.
  */
 class Utils
 {
     // Note: Removed '0', 'O', '1', 'I' as problematic with some fonts
     public const CHARS = '23456789ABCDEFGHJKLMNPQRSTUVWXYZ';
 
     /**
      * Count the number of lines in a file.
      *
      * Useful for progress bars.
      *
      * @param string $file The filepath to count the lines of.
      *
      * @return int
      */
     public static function countLines($file)
     {
         $fh = fopen($file, 'rb');
         $numLines = 0;
 
         while (!feof($fh)) {
             $numLines += substr_count(fread($fh, 8192), "\n");
         }
 
         fclose($fh);
 
         return $numLines;
     }
 
     /**
      * Return the country ISO code for an IP address.
      *
      * @return string
      */
     public static function countryForIP($ip)
     {
         if (strpos(':', $ip) === false) {
             $query = "
                 SELECT country FROM ip4nets
                 WHERE INET_ATON(net_number) <= INET_ATON(?)
                 AND INET_ATON(net_broadcast) >= INET_ATON(?)
                 ORDER BY INET_ATON(net_number), net_mask DESC LIMIT 1
             ";
         } else {
             $query =  "
                 SELECT id FROM ip6nets
                 WHERE INET6_ATON(net_number) <= INET6_ATON(?)
                 AND INET6_ATON(net_broadcast) >= INET6_ATON(?)
                 ORDER BY INET6_ATON(net_number), net_mask DESC LIMIT 1
             ";
         }
 
         $nets = \Illuminate\Support\Facades\DB::select($query, [$ip, $ip]);
 
         if (sizeof($nets) > 0) {
             return $nets[0]->country;
         }
 
         return 'CH';
     }
 
     /**
      * Return the country ISO code for the current request.
      */
     public static function countryForRequest()
     {
         $request = \request();
         $ip = $request->ip();
 
         return self::countryForIP($ip);
     }
 
     /**
      * Shortcut to creating a progress bar of a particular format with a particular message.
      *
      * @param \Illuminate\Console\OutputStyle $output  Console output object
      * @param int                             $count   Number of progress steps
      * @param string                          $message The description
      *
      * @return \Symfony\Component\Console\Helper\ProgressBar
      */
     public static function createProgressBar($output, $count, $message = null)
     {
         $bar = $output->createProgressBar($count);
 
         $bar->setFormat(
             '%current:7s%/%max:7s% [%bar%] %percent:3s%% %elapsed:7s%/%estimated:-7s% %message% '
         );
 
         if ($message) {
             $bar->setMessage($message . " ...");
         }
 
         $bar->start();
 
         return $bar;
     }
 
     /**
      * Return the number of days in the month prior to this one.
      *
      * @return int
      */
     public static function daysInLastMonth()
     {
         $start = new Carbon('first day of last month');
         $end = new Carbon('last day of last month');
 
         return $start->diffInDays($end) + 1;
     }
 
     /**
      * Download a file from the interwebz and store it locally.
      *
      * @param string $source The source location
      * @param string $target The target location
      * @param bool $force    Force the download (and overwrite target)
      *
      * @return void
      */
     public static function downloadFile($source, $target, $force = false)
     {
         if (is_file($target) && !$force) {
             return;
         }
 
         \Log::info("Retrieving {$source}");
 
         $fp = fopen($target, 'w');
 
         $curl = curl_init();
         curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_URL, $source);
         curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);
         curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_FILE, $fp);
         curl_exec($curl);
 
         if (curl_errno($curl)) {
             \Log::error("Request error on {$source}: " . curl_error($curl));
 
             curl_close($curl);
             fclose($fp);
 
             unlink($target);
             return;
         }
 
         curl_close($curl);
         fclose($fp);
     }
 
     /**
      * Calculate the broadcast address provided a net number and a prefix.
      *
      * @param string $net A valid IPv6 network number.
      * @param int $prefix The network prefix.
      *
      * @return string
      */
     public static function ip6Broadcast($net, $prefix)
     {
         $netHex = bin2hex(inet_pton($net));
 
         // Overwriting first address string to make sure notation is optimal
         $net = inet_ntop(hex2bin($netHex));
 
         // Calculate the number of 'flexible' bits
         $flexbits = 128 - $prefix;
 
         // Build the hexadecimal string of the last address
         $lastAddrHex = $netHex;
 
         // We start at the end of the string (which is always 32 characters long)
         $pos = 31;
         while ($flexbits > 0) {
             // Get the character at this position
             $orig = substr($lastAddrHex, $pos, 1);
 
             // Convert it to an integer
             $origval = hexdec($orig);
 
             // OR it with (2^flexbits)-1, with flexbits limited to 4 at a time
             $newval = $origval | (pow(2, min(4, $flexbits)) - 1);
 
             // Convert it back to a hexadecimal character
             $new = dechex($newval);
 
             // And put that character back in the string
             $lastAddrHex = substr_replace($lastAddrHex, $new, $pos, 1);
 
             // We processed one nibble, move to previous position
             $flexbits -= 4;
             $pos -= 1;
         }
 
         // Convert the hexadecimal string to a binary string
-        # Using pack() here
-        # Newer PHP version can use hex2bin()
-        $lastaddrbin = pack('H*', $lastAddrHex);
+        $lastaddrbin = hex2bin($lastAddrHex);
 
         // And create an IPv6 address from the binary string
         $lastaddrstr = inet_ntop($lastaddrbin);
 
         return $lastaddrstr;
     }
 
     /**
      * Provide all unique combinations of elements in $input, with order and duplicates irrelevant.
      *
      * @param array $input The input array of elements.
      *
      * @return array[]
      */
     public static function powerSet(array $input): array
     {
         $output = [];
 
         for ($x = 0; $x < count($input); $x++) {
             self::combine($input, $x + 1, 0, [], 0, $output);
         }
 
         return $output;
     }
 
     /**
      * Returns the current user's email address or null.
      *
      * @return string
      */
     public static function userEmailOrNull(): ?string
     {
         $user = Auth::user();
 
         if (!$user) {
             return null;
         }
 
         return $user->email;
     }
 
     /**
      * Returns a random string consisting of a quantity of segments of a certain length joined.
      *
      * Example:
      *
      * ```php
      * $roomName = strtolower(\App\Utils::randStr(3, 3, '-');
      * // $roomName == '3qb-7cs-cjj'
      * ```
      *
      * @param int $length  The length of each segment
      * @param int $qty     The quantity of segments
      * @param string $join The string to use to join the segments
      *
      * @return string
      */
     public static function randStr($length, $qty = 1, $join = '')
     {
         $chars = env('SHORTCODE_CHARS', self::CHARS);
 
         $randStrs = [];
 
         for ($x = 0; $x < $qty; $x++) {
             $randStrs[$x] = [];
 
             for ($y = 0; $y < $length; $y++) {
                 $randStrs[$x][] = $chars[rand(0, strlen($chars) - 1)];
             }
 
             shuffle($randStrs[$x]);
 
             $randStrs[$x] = implode('', $randStrs[$x]);
         }
 
         return implode($join, $randStrs);
     }
 
     /**
      * Returns a UUID in the form of an integer.
      *
      * @return integer
      */
     public static function uuidInt(): int
     {
         $hex = Uuid::uuid4();
         $bin = pack('h*', str_replace('-', '', $hex));
         $ids = unpack('L', $bin);
         $id = array_shift($ids);
 
         return $id;
     }
 
     /**
      * Returns a UUID in the form of a string.
      *
      * @return string
      */
     public static function uuidStr(): string
     {
         return Uuid::uuid4()->toString();
     }
 
     private static function combine($input, $r, $index, $data, $i, &$output): void
     {
         $n = count($input);
 
         // Current cobination is ready
         if ($index == $r) {
             $output[] = array_slice($data, 0, $r);
             return;
         }
 
         // When no more elements are there to put in data[]
         if ($i >= $n) {
             return;
         }
 
         // current is included, put next at next location
         $data[$index] = $input[$i];
         self::combine($input, $r, $index + 1, $data, $i + 1, $output);
 
         // current is excluded, replace it with next (Note that i+1
         // is passed, but index is not changed)
         self::combine($input, $r, $index, $data, $i + 1, $output);
     }
 
     /**
      * Create self URL
      *
      * @param string $route Route/Path
      * @todo Move this to App\Http\Controllers\Controller
      *
      * @return string Full URL
      */
     public static function serviceUrl(string $route): string
     {
         $url = \config('app.public_url');
 
         if (!$url) {
             $url = \config('app.url');
         }
 
         return rtrim(trim($url, '/') . '/' . ltrim($route, '/'), '/');
     }
 
     /**
      * Create a configuration/environment data to be passed to
      * the UI
      *
      * @todo Move this to App\Http\Controllers\Controller
      *
      * @return array Configuration data
      */
     public static function uiEnv(): array
     {
         $countries = include resource_path('countries.php');
         $req_domain = preg_replace('/:[0-9]+$/', '', request()->getHttpHost());
         $sys_domain = \config('app.domain');
         $path = request()->path();
         $opts = [
             'app.name',
             'app.url',
             'app.domain',
             'app.theme',
             'app.webmail_url',
             'app.support_email',
             'mail.from.address'
         ];
 
         $env = \app('config')->getMany($opts);
 
         $env['countries'] = $countries ?: [];
         $env['view'] = 'root';
         $env['jsapp'] = 'user.js';
 
         if ($req_domain == "admin.$sys_domain") {
             $env['jsapp'] = 'admin.js';
         }
 
         $env['paymentProvider'] = \config('services.payment_provider');
         $env['stripePK'] = \config('services.stripe.public_key');
 
         $theme_file = resource_path("themes/{$env['app.theme']}/theme.json");
         $menu = [];
 
         if (file_exists($theme_file)) {
             $theme = json_decode(file_get_contents($theme_file), true);
 
             if (json_last_error() != JSON_ERROR_NONE) {
                 \Log::error("Failed to parse $theme_file: " . json_last_error_msg());
             } elseif (!empty($theme['menu'])) {
                 $menu = $theme['menu'];
             }
         }
 
         $env['menu'] = $menu;
 
         return $env;
     }
 }
diff --git a/src/app/VerificationCode.php b/src/app/VerificationCode.php
index 89c90d5f..e7298d79 100644
--- a/src/app/VerificationCode.php
+++ b/src/app/VerificationCode.php
@@ -1,56 +1,102 @@
 <?php
 
 namespace App;
 
-use App\SignupCode;
+use Carbon\Carbon;
 use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
 
 /**
  * The eloquent definition of a VerificationCode
  *
+ * @property string    $code
  * @property string    $mode
  * @property \App\User $user
+ * @property int       $user_id
+ * @property string    $short_code
  */
-class VerificationCode extends SignupCode
+class VerificationCode extends Model
 {
     // Code expires after so many hours
-    public const CODE_EXP_HOURS = 8;
     public const SHORTCODE_LENGTH = 8;
 
+    public const CODE_LENGTH = 32;
+
+    // Code expires after so many hours
+    public const CODE_EXP_HOURS = 8;
 
     /**
-     * The attributes that are mass assignable.
+     * The primary key associated with the table.
      *
-     * @var array
+     * @var string
      */
-    protected $fillable = ['user_id', 'code', 'short_code', 'mode', 'expires_at'];
+    protected $primaryKey = 'code';
+
+    /**
+     * Indicates if the IDs are auto-incrementing.
+     *
+     * @var bool
+     */
+    public $incrementing = false;
 
     /**
-     * The attributes that should be cast to native types.
+     * The "type" of the auto-incrementing ID.
+     *
+     * @var string
+     */
+    protected $keyType = 'string';
+
+    /**
+     * Indicates if the model should be timestamped.
+     *
+     * @var bool
+     */
+    public $timestamps = false;
+
+    /**
+     * The attributes that are mass assignable.
      *
      * @var array
      */
-    protected $casts = [];
+    protected $fillable = ['user_id', 'code', 'short_code', 'mode', 'expires_at'];
 
     /**
-     * The user to which this setting belongs.
+     * The attributes that should be mutated to dates.
      *
-     * @return \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\BelongsTo
+     * @var array
      */
-    public function user()
-    {
-        return $this->belongsTo('\App\User', 'user_id', 'id');
-    }
+    protected $dates = ['expires_at'];
+
 
     /**
      * Generate a short code (for human).
      *
      * @return string
      */
     public static function generateShortCode(): string
     {
         $code_length = env('VERIFICATION_CODE_LENGTH', self::SHORTCODE_LENGTH);
 
         return \App\Utils::randStr($code_length);
     }
+
+    /**
+     * Check if code is expired.
+     *
+     * @return bool True if code is expired, False otherwise
+     */
+    public function isExpired()
+    {
+        // @phpstan-ignore-next-line
+        return $this->expires_at ? Carbon::now()->gte($this->expires_at) : false;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The user to which this setting belongs.
+     *
+     * @return \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\BelongsTo
+     */
+    public function user()
+    {
+        return $this->belongsTo('\App\User', 'user_id', 'id');
+    }
 }
diff --git a/src/database/migrations/2021_03_25_100000_signup_code_refactor.php b/src/database/migrations/2021_03_25_100000_signup_code_refactor.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..48c65510
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/database/migrations/2021_03_25_100000_signup_code_refactor.php
@@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
+<?php
+
+use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;
+use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\DB;
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;
+
+// phpcs:ignore
+class SignupCodeRefactor extends Migration
+{
+    /**
+     * Run the migrations.
+     *
+     * @return void
+     */
+    public function up()
+    {
+        Schema::table(
+            'signup_codes',
+            function (Blueprint $table) {
+                $table->string('email');
+                $table->string('first_name')->nullable();
+                $table->string('last_name')->nullable();
+                $table->string('plan', 128)->nullable();
+                $table->string('voucher', 32)->nullable();
+                $table->string('local_part')->nullable();
+                $table->string('domain_part')->nullable();
+                $table->string('ip_address')->nullable();
+                $table->timestamp('created_at')->useCurrent();
+                $table->timestamp('updated_at')->useCurrent();
+                $table->softDeletes();
+            }
+        );
+
+        DB::table('signup_codes')->get()->each(function ($code) {
+            if (empty($code->data)) {
+                return;
+            }
+
+            $data = json_decode($code->data);
+
+            if (!empty($data->email)) {
+                $parts = explode('@', $data->email);
+
+                $data->local_part = $parts[0] ?? null;
+                $data->domain_part = $parts[1] ?? null;
+            }
+
+            DB::table('signup_codes')
+                ->where('code', $code->code)
+                ->update([
+                    'email' => $data->email ?? null,
+                    'first_name' => $data->first_name ?? null,
+                    'last_name' => $data->last_name ?? null,
+                    'plan' => $data->plan ?? null,
+                    'voucher' => $data->voucher ?? null,
+                    'local_part' => $data->local_part ?? null,
+                    'domain_part' => $data->domain_part ?? null,
+                ]);
+        });
+
+        Schema::table(
+            'signup_codes',
+            function (Blueprint $table) {
+                $table->dropColumn('data');
+            }
+        );
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Reverse the migrations.
+     *
+     * @return void
+     */
+    public function down()
+    {
+        Schema::table(
+            'signup_codes',
+            function (Blueprint $table) {
+                $table->text('data');
+            }
+        );
+
+        DB::table('signup_codes')->get()->each(function ($code) {
+            $data = json_encode([
+                    'email' => $code->email,
+                    'first_name' => $code->first_name,
+                    'last_name' => $code->last_name,
+                    'plan' => $code->plan,
+                    'voucher' => $code->voucher,
+            ]);
+
+            DB::table('signup_codes')
+                ->where('code', $code->code)
+                ->update(['data' => $data]);
+        });
+
+        Schema::table(
+            'signup_codes',
+            function (Blueprint $table) {
+                $table->dropColumn([
+                        'created_at',
+                        'updated_at',
+                        'deleted_at',
+                        'ip_address',
+                        'email',
+                        'local_part',
+                        'domain_part',
+                        'first_name',
+                        'last_name',
+                        'plan',
+                        'voucher',
+                ]);
+            }
+        );
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/tests/Browser/SignupTest.php b/src/tests/Browser/SignupTest.php
index eed0948d..4fecedf3 100644
--- a/src/tests/Browser/SignupTest.php
+++ b/src/tests/Browser/SignupTest.php
@@ -1,545 +1,543 @@
 <?php
 
 namespace Tests\Browser;
 
 use App\Discount;
 use App\Domain;
 use App\SignupCode;
 use App\User;
 use Tests\Browser;
 use Tests\Browser\Components\Menu;
 use Tests\Browser\Components\Toast;
 use Tests\Browser\Pages\Dashboard;
 use Tests\Browser\Pages\Signup;
 use Tests\TestCaseDusk;
 use Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\DatabaseMigrations;
 
 class SignupTest extends TestCaseDusk
 {
     /**
      * {@inheritDoc}
      */
     public function setUp(): void
     {
         parent::setUp();
 
         $this->deleteTestUser('signuptestdusk@' . \config('app.domain'));
         $this->deleteTestUser('admin@user-domain-signup.com');
         $this->deleteTestDomain('user-domain-signup.com');
     }
 
     public function tearDown(): void
     {
         $this->deleteTestUser('signuptestdusk@' . \config('app.domain'));
         $this->deleteTestUser('admin@user-domain-signup.com');
         $this->deleteTestDomain('user-domain-signup.com');
 
         parent::tearDown();
     }
 
     /**
      * Test signup code verification with a link
      */
     public function testSignupCodeByLink(): void
     {
         // Test invalid code (invalid format)
         $this->browse(function (Browser $browser) {
             // Register Signup page element selectors we'll be using
             $browser->onWithoutAssert(new Signup());
 
             // TODO: Test what happens if user is logged in
 
             $browser->visit('/signup/invalid-code');
 
             // TODO: According to https://github.com/vuejs/vue-router/issues/977
             // it is not yet easily possible to display error page component (route)
             // without changing the URL
             // TODO: Instead of css selector we should probably define page/component
             // and use it instead
             $browser->waitFor('#error-page');
         });
 
         // Test invalid code (valid format)
         $this->browse(function (Browser $browser) {
             $browser->visit('/signup/XXXXX-code');
 
             // FIXME: User will not be able to continue anyway, so we should
             //        either display 1st step or 404 error page
             $browser->waitFor('@step1')
                 ->assertToast(Toast::TYPE_ERROR, 'Form validation error');
         });
 
         // Test valid code
         $this->browse(function (Browser $browser) {
             $code = SignupCode::create([
-                    'data' => [
-                        'email' => 'User@example.org',
-                        'first_name' => 'User',
-                        'last_name' => 'Name',
-                        'plan' => 'individual',
-                        'voucher' => '',
-                    ]
+                    'email' => 'User@example.org',
+                    'first_name' => 'User',
+                    'last_name' => 'Name',
+                    'plan' => 'individual',
+                    'voucher' => '',
             ]);
 
             $browser->visit('/signup/' . $code->short_code . '-' . $code->code)
                 ->waitFor('@step3')
                 ->assertMissing('@step1')
                 ->assertMissing('@step2');
 
             // FIXME: Find a nice way to read javascript data without using hidden inputs
             $this->assertSame($code->code, $browser->value('@step2 #signup_code'));
 
             // TODO: Test if the signup process can be completed
         });
     }
 
     /**
      * Test signup "welcome" page
      */
     public function testSignupStep0(): void
     {
         $this->browse(function (Browser $browser) {
             $browser->visit(new Signup());
 
             $browser->assertVisible('@step0')
                 ->assertMissing('@step1')
                 ->assertMissing('@step2')
                 ->assertMissing('@step3');
 
             $browser->within(new Menu(), function ($browser) {
                 $browser->assertMenuItems(['signup', 'explore', 'blog', 'support', 'login'], 'signup');
             });
 
             $browser->waitFor('@step0 .plan-selector > .card');
 
             // Assert first plan box and press the button
             $browser->with('@step0 .plan-selector > .plan-individual', function ($step) {
                 $step->assertVisible('button')
                     ->assertSeeIn('button', 'Individual Account')
                     ->assertVisible('.plan-description')
                     ->click('button');
             });
 
             $browser->waitForLocation('/signup/individual')
                 ->assertVisible('@step1')
                 ->assertMissing('@step0')
                 ->assertMissing('@step2')
                 ->assertMissing('@step3')
                 ->assertFocused('@step1 #signup_first_name');
 
             // Click Back button
             $browser->click('@step1 [type=button]')
                 ->waitForLocation('/signup')
                     ->assertVisible('@step0')
                     ->assertMissing('@step1')
                     ->assertMissing('@step2')
                     ->assertMissing('@step3');
 
             // Choose the group account plan
             $browser->click('@step0 .plan-selector > .plan-group button')
                 ->waitForLocation('/signup/group')
                 ->assertVisible('@step1')
                 ->assertMissing('@step0')
                 ->assertMissing('@step2')
                 ->assertMissing('@step3')
                 ->assertFocused('@step1 #signup_first_name');
 
             // TODO: Test if 'plan' variable is set properly in vue component
         });
     }
 
     /**
      * Test 1st step of the signup process
      */
     public function testSignupStep1(): void
     {
         $this->browse(function (Browser $browser) {
             $browser->visit('/signup/individual')
                 ->onWithoutAssert(new Signup());
 
             // Here we expect two text inputs and Back and Continue buttons
             $browser->with('@step1', function ($step) {
                 $step->assertVisible('#signup_last_name')
                     ->assertVisible('#signup_first_name')
                     ->assertFocused('#signup_first_name')
                     ->assertVisible('#signup_email')
                     ->assertVisible('[type=button]')
                     ->assertVisible('[type=submit]');
             });
 
             // Submit empty form
             // Email is required, so after pressing Submit
             // we expect focus to be moved to the email input
             $browser->with('@step1', function ($step) {
                 $step->click('[type=submit]');
                 $step->assertFocused('#signup_email');
             });
 
             $browser->within(new Menu(), function ($browser) {
                 $browser->assertMenuItems(['signup', 'explore', 'blog', 'support', 'login'], 'signup');
             });
 
             // Submit invalid email, and first_name
             // We expect both inputs to have is-invalid class added, with .invalid-feedback element
             $browser->with('@step1', function ($step) {
                 $step->type('#signup_first_name', str_repeat('a', 250))
                     ->type('#signup_email', '@test')
                     ->click('[type=submit]')
                     ->waitFor('#signup_email.is-invalid')
                     ->assertVisible('#signup_first_name.is-invalid')
                     ->assertVisible('#signup_email + .invalid-feedback')
                     ->assertVisible('#signup_last_name + .invalid-feedback')
                     ->assertToast(Toast::TYPE_ERROR, 'Form validation error');
             });
 
             // Submit valid data
             // We expect error state on email input to be removed, and Step 2 form visible
             $browser->with('@step1', function ($step) {
                 $step->type('#signup_first_name', 'Test')
                     ->type('#signup_last_name', 'User')
                     ->type('#signup_email', 'BrowserSignupTestUser1@kolab.org')
                     ->click('[type=submit]')
                     ->assertMissing('#signup_email.is-invalid')
                     ->assertMissing('#signup_email + .invalid-feedback');
             });
 
             $browser->waitUntilMissing('@step2 #signup_code[value=""]');
             $browser->waitFor('@step2');
             $browser->assertMissing('@step1');
         });
     }
 
     /**
      * Test 2nd Step of the signup process
      *
      * @depends testSignupStep1
      */
     public function testSignupStep2(): void
     {
         $this->browse(function (Browser $browser) {
             $browser->assertVisible('@step2')
                 ->assertMissing('@step0')
                 ->assertMissing('@step1')
                 ->assertMissing('@step3');
 
             // Here we expect one text input, Back and Continue buttons
             $browser->with('@step2', function ($step) {
                 $step->assertVisible('#signup_short_code')
                     ->assertFocused('#signup_short_code')
                     ->assertVisible('[type=button]')
                     ->assertVisible('[type=submit]');
             });
 
             // Test Back button functionality
             $browser->click('@step2 [type=button]')
                 ->waitFor('@step1')
                 ->assertFocused('@step1 #signup_first_name')
                 ->assertMissing('@step2');
 
             // Submit valid Step 1 data (again)
             $browser->with('@step1', function ($step) {
                 $step->type('#signup_first_name', 'User')
                     ->type('#signup_last_name', 'User')
                     ->type('#signup_email', 'BrowserSignupTestUser1@kolab.org')
                     ->click('[type=submit]');
             });
 
             $browser->waitFor('@step2');
             $browser->assertMissing('@step1');
 
             // Submit invalid code
             // We expect code input to have is-invalid class added, with .invalid-feedback element
             $browser->with('@step2', function ($step) {
                 $step->type('#signup_short_code', 'XXXXX');
                 $step->click('[type=submit]');
 
                 $step->waitFor('#signup_short_code.is-invalid')
                     ->assertVisible('#signup_short_code + .invalid-feedback')
                     ->assertFocused('#signup_short_code')
                     ->assertToast(Toast::TYPE_ERROR, 'Form validation error');
             });
 
             // Submit valid code
             // We expect error state on code input to be removed, and Step 3 form visible
             $browser->with('@step2', function ($step) {
                 // Get the code and short_code from database
                 // FIXME: Find a nice way to read javascript data without using hidden inputs
                 $code = $step->value('#signup_code');
 
                 $this->assertNotEmpty($code);
 
                 $code = SignupCode::find($code);
 
                 $step->type('#signup_short_code', $code->short_code);
                 $step->click('[type=submit]');
 
                 $step->assertMissing('#signup_short_code.is-invalid');
                 $step->assertMissing('#signup_short_code + .invalid-feedback');
             });
 
             $browser->waitFor('@step3');
             $browser->assertMissing('@step2');
         });
     }
 
     /**
      * Test 3rd Step of the signup process
      *
      * @depends testSignupStep2
      */
     public function testSignupStep3(): void
     {
         $this->browse(function (Browser $browser) {
             $browser->assertVisible('@step3');
 
             // Here we expect 3 text inputs, Back and Continue buttons
             $browser->with('@step3', function ($step) {
                 $step->assertVisible('#signup_login');
                 $step->assertVisible('#signup_password');
                 $step->assertVisible('#signup_confirm');
                 $step->assertVisible('select#signup_domain');
                 $step->assertVisible('[type=button]');
                 $step->assertVisible('[type=submit]');
                 $step->assertFocused('#signup_login');
                 $step->assertValue('select#signup_domain', \config('app.domain'));
                 $step->assertValue('#signup_login', '');
                 $step->assertValue('#signup_password', '');
                 $step->assertValue('#signup_confirm', '');
 
                 // TODO: Test domain selector
             });
 
             // Test Back button
             $browser->click('@step3 [type=button]');
             $browser->waitFor('@step2');
             $browser->assertFocused('@step2 #signup_short_code');
             $browser->assertMissing('@step3');
 
             // TODO: Test form reset when going back
 
             // Submit valid code again
             $browser->with('@step2', function ($step) {
                 $code = $step->value('#signup_code');
 
                 $this->assertNotEmpty($code);
 
                 $code = SignupCode::find($code);
 
                 $step->type('#signup_short_code', $code->short_code);
                 $step->click('[type=submit]');
             });
 
             $browser->waitFor('@step3');
 
             // Submit invalid data
             $browser->with('@step3', function ($step) {
                 $step->assertFocused('#signup_login')
                     ->type('#signup_login', '*')
                     ->type('#signup_password', '12345678')
                     ->type('#signup_confirm', '123456789')
                     ->click('[type=submit]')
                     ->waitFor('#signup_login.is-invalid')
                     ->assertVisible('#signup_domain + .invalid-feedback')
                     ->assertVisible('#signup_password.is-invalid')
                     ->assertVisible('#signup_password + .invalid-feedback')
                     ->assertFocused('#signup_login')
                     ->assertToast(Toast::TYPE_ERROR, 'Form validation error');
             });
 
             // Submit invalid data (valid login, invalid password)
             $browser->with('@step3', function ($step) {
                 $step->type('#signup_login', 'SignupTestDusk')
                     ->click('[type=submit]')
                     ->waitFor('#signup_password.is-invalid')
                     ->assertVisible('#signup_password + .invalid-feedback')
                     ->assertMissing('#signup_login.is-invalid')
                     ->assertMissing('#signup_domain + .invalid-feedback')
                     ->assertFocused('#signup_password')
                     ->assertToast(Toast::TYPE_ERROR, 'Form validation error');
             });
 
             // Submit valid data
             $browser->with('@step3', function ($step) {
                 $step->type('#signup_confirm', '12345678');
 
                 $step->click('[type=submit]');
             });
 
             // At this point we should be auto-logged-in to dashboard
             $browser->waitUntilMissing('@step3')
                 ->waitUntilMissing('.app-loader')
                 ->on(new Dashboard())
                 ->assertUser('signuptestdusk@' . \config('app.domain'))
                 ->assertVisible('@links a.link-profile')
                 ->assertMissing('@links a.link-domains')
                 ->assertVisible('@links a.link-users')
                 ->assertVisible('@links a.link-wallet');
 
             // Logout the user
             $browser->within(new Menu(), function ($browser) {
                 $browser->clickMenuItem('logout');
             });
         });
     }
 
     /**
      * Test signup for a group account
      */
     public function testSignupGroup(): void
     {
         $this->browse(function (Browser $browser) {
             $browser->visit(new Signup());
 
             // Choose the group account plan
             $browser->waitFor('@step0 .plan-group button')
                 ->click('@step0 .plan-group button');
 
             // Submit valid data
             // We expect error state on email input to be removed, and Step 2 form visible
             $browser->whenAvailable('@step1', function ($step) {
                 $step->type('#signup_first_name', 'Test')
                     ->type('#signup_last_name', 'User')
                     ->type('#signup_email', 'BrowserSignupTestUser1@kolab.org')
                     ->click('[type=submit]');
             });
 
             // Submit valid code
             $browser->whenAvailable('@step2', function ($step) {
                 // Get the code and short_code from database
                 // FIXME: Find a nice way to read javascript data without using hidden inputs
                 $code = $step->value('#signup_code');
                 $code = SignupCode::find($code);
 
                 $step->type('#signup_short_code', $code->short_code)
                     ->click('[type=submit]');
             });
 
             // Here we expect 4 text inputs, Back and Continue buttons
             $browser->whenAvailable('@step3', function ($step) {
                 $step->assertVisible('#signup_login')
                     ->assertVisible('#signup_password')
                     ->assertVisible('#signup_confirm')
                     ->assertVisible('input#signup_domain')
                     ->assertVisible('[type=button]')
                     ->assertVisible('[type=submit]')
                     ->assertFocused('#signup_login')
                     ->assertValue('input#signup_domain', '')
                     ->assertValue('#signup_login', '')
                     ->assertValue('#signup_password', '')
                     ->assertValue('#signup_confirm', '');
             });
 
             // Submit invalid login and password data
             $browser->with('@step3', function ($step) {
                 $step->assertFocused('#signup_login')
                     ->type('#signup_login', '*')
                     ->type('#signup_domain', 'test.com')
                     ->type('#signup_password', '12345678')
                     ->type('#signup_confirm', '123456789')
                     ->click('[type=submit]')
                     ->waitFor('#signup_login.is-invalid')
                     ->assertVisible('#signup_domain + .invalid-feedback')
                     ->assertVisible('#signup_password.is-invalid')
                     ->assertVisible('#signup_password + .invalid-feedback')
                     ->assertFocused('#signup_login')
                     ->assertToast(Toast::TYPE_ERROR, 'Form validation error');
             });
 
             // Submit invalid domain
             $browser->with('@step3', function ($step) {
                 $step->type('#signup_login', 'admin')
                     ->type('#signup_domain', 'aaa')
                     ->type('#signup_password', '12345678')
                     ->type('#signup_confirm', '12345678')
                     ->click('[type=submit]')
                     ->waitUntilMissing('#signup_login.is-invalid')
                     ->waitFor('#signup_domain.is-invalid + .invalid-feedback')
                     ->assertMissing('#signup_password.is-invalid')
                     ->assertMissing('#signup_password + .invalid-feedback')
                     ->assertFocused('#signup_domain')
                     ->assertToast(Toast::TYPE_ERROR, 'Form validation error');
             });
 
             // Submit invalid domain
             $browser->with('@step3', function ($step) {
                 $step->type('#signup_domain', 'user-domain-signup.com')
                     ->click('[type=submit]');
             });
 
             // At this point we should be auto-logged-in to dashboard
             $browser->waitUntilMissing('@step3')
                 ->waitUntilMissing('.app-loader')
                 ->on(new Dashboard())
                 ->assertUser('admin@user-domain-signup.com')
                 ->assertVisible('@links a.link-profile')
                 ->assertVisible('@links a.link-domains')
                 ->assertVisible('@links a.link-users')
                 ->assertVisible('@links a.link-wallet');
 
             $browser->within(new Menu(), function ($browser) {
                 $browser->clickMenuItem('logout');
             });
         });
     }
 
     /**
      * Test signup with voucher
      */
     public function testSignupVoucherLink(): void
     {
         $this->browse(function (Browser $browser) {
             $browser->visit('/signup/voucher/TEST')
                 ->onWithoutAssert(new Signup())
                 ->waitUntilMissing('.app-loader')
                 ->waitFor('@step0')
                 ->click('.plan-individual button')
                 ->whenAvailable('@step1', function (Browser $browser) {
                     $browser->type('#signup_first_name', 'Test')
                         ->type('#signup_last_name', 'User')
                         ->type('#signup_email', 'BrowserSignupTestUser1@kolab.org')
                         ->click('[type=submit]');
                 })
                 ->whenAvailable('@step2', function (Browser $browser) {
                     // Get the code and short_code from database
                     // FIXME: Find a nice way to read javascript data without using hidden inputs
                     $code = $browser->value('#signup_code');
 
                     $this->assertNotEmpty($code);
 
                     $code = SignupCode::find($code);
 
                     $browser->type('#signup_short_code', $code->short_code)
                         ->click('[type=submit]');
                 })
                 ->whenAvailable('@step3', function (Browser $browser) {
                     // Assert that the code is filled in the input
                     // Change it and test error handling
                     $browser->assertValue('#signup_voucher', 'TEST')
                         ->type('#signup_voucher', 'TESTXX')
                         ->type('#signup_login', 'signuptestdusk')
                         ->type('#signup_password', '123456789')
                         ->type('#signup_confirm', '123456789')
                         ->click('[type=submit]')
                         ->waitFor('#signup_voucher.is-invalid')
                         ->assertVisible('#signup_voucher + .invalid-feedback')
                         ->assertFocused('#signup_voucher')
                         ->assertToast(Toast::TYPE_ERROR, 'Form validation error')
                         // Submit the correct code
                         ->type('#signup_voucher', 'TEST')
                         ->click('[type=submit]');
                 })
                 ->waitUntilMissing('@step3')
                 ->waitUntilMissing('.app-loader')
                 ->on(new Dashboard())
                 ->assertUser('signuptestdusk@' . \config('app.domain'))
                 // Logout the user
                 ->within(new Menu(), function ($browser) {
                     $browser->clickMenuItem('logout');
                 });
         });
 
         $user = $this->getTestUser('signuptestdusk@' . \config('app.domain'));
         $discount = Discount::where('code', 'TEST')->first();
         $this->assertSame($discount->id, $user->wallets()->first()->discount_id);
     }
 }
diff --git a/src/tests/Feature/Controller/SignupTest.php b/src/tests/Feature/Controller/SignupTest.php
index 704f2697..bbbe0221 100644
--- a/src/tests/Feature/Controller/SignupTest.php
+++ b/src/tests/Feature/Controller/SignupTest.php
@@ -1,710 +1,710 @@
 <?php
 
 namespace Tests\Feature\Controller;
 
 use App\Http\Controllers\API\SignupController;
 use App\Discount;
 use App\Domain;
 use App\SignupCode;
 use App\User;
 use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Queue;
 use Tests\TestCase;
 
 class SignupTest extends TestCase
 {
     private $domain;
 
     /**
      * {@inheritDoc}
      */
     public function setUp(): void
     {
         parent::setUp();
 
         // TODO: Some tests depend on existence of individual and group plans,
         //       we should probably create plans here to not depend on that
         $this->domain = $this->getPublicDomain();
 
         $this->deleteTestUser("SignupControllerTest1@$this->domain");
         $this->deleteTestUser("signuplogin@$this->domain");
         $this->deleteTestUser("admin@external.com");
 
         $this->deleteTestDomain('external.com');
         $this->deleteTestDomain('signup-domain.com');
 
         $this->deleteTestGroup('group-test@kolabnow.com');
     }
 
     /**
      * {@inheritDoc}
      */
     public function tearDown(): void
     {
         $this->deleteTestUser("SignupControllerTest1@$this->domain");
         $this->deleteTestUser("signuplogin@$this->domain");
         $this->deleteTestUser("admin@external.com");
 
         $this->deleteTestDomain('external.com');
         $this->deleteTestDomain('signup-domain.com');
 
         $this->deleteTestGroup('group-test@kolabnow.com');
 
         parent::tearDown();
     }
 
     /**
      * Return a public domain for signup tests
      */
     private function getPublicDomain(): string
     {
         if (!$this->domain) {
             $this->refreshApplication();
             $public_domains = Domain::getPublicDomains();
             $this->domain = reset($public_domains);
 
             if (empty($this->domain)) {
                 $this->domain = 'signup-domain.com';
                 Domain::create([
                         'namespace' => $this->domain,
                         'status' => Domain::STATUS_ACTIVE,
                         'type' => Domain::TYPE_PUBLIC,
                 ]);
             }
         }
 
         return $this->domain;
     }
 
     /**
      * Test fetching plans for signup
      *
      * @return void
      */
     public function testSignupPlans()
     {
         $response = $this->get('/api/auth/signup/plans');
         $json = $response->json();
 
         $response->assertStatus(200);
 
         $this->assertSame('success', $json['status']);
         $this->assertCount(2, $json['plans']);
         $this->assertArrayHasKey('title', $json['plans'][0]);
         $this->assertArrayHasKey('name', $json['plans'][0]);
         $this->assertArrayHasKey('description', $json['plans'][0]);
         $this->assertArrayHasKey('button', $json['plans'][0]);
     }
 
     /**
      * Test signup initialization with invalid input
      *
      * @return void
      */
     public function testSignupInitInvalidInput()
     {
         // Empty input data
         $data = [];
 
         $response = $this->post('/api/auth/signup/init', $data);
         $json = $response->json();
 
         $response->assertStatus(422);
 
         $this->assertSame('error', $json['status']);
         $this->assertCount(1, $json['errors']);
         $this->assertArrayHasKey('email', $json['errors']);
 
         // Data with missing name
         $data = [
             'email' => 'UsersApiControllerTest1@UsersApiControllerTest.com',
             'first_name' => str_repeat('a', 250),
             'last_name' => str_repeat('a', 250),
         ];
 
         $response = $this->post('/api/auth/signup/init', $data);
         $json = $response->json();
 
         $response->assertStatus(422);
 
         $this->assertSame('error', $json['status']);
         $this->assertCount(2, $json['errors']);
         $this->assertArrayHasKey('first_name', $json['errors']);
         $this->assertArrayHasKey('last_name', $json['errors']);
 
         // Data with invalid email (but not phone number)
         $data = [
             'email' => '@example.org',
             'first_name' => 'Signup',
             'last_name' => 'User',
         ];
 
         $response = $this->post('/api/auth/signup/init', $data);
         $json = $response->json();
 
         $response->assertStatus(422);
 
         $this->assertSame('error', $json['status']);
         $this->assertCount(1, $json['errors']);
         $this->assertArrayHasKey('email', $json['errors']);
 
         // Sanity check on voucher code, last/first name is optional
         $data = [
             'voucher' => '123456789012345678901234567890123',
             'email' => 'valid@email.com',
         ];
 
         $response = $this->post('/api/auth/signup/init', $data);
         $json = $response->json();
 
         $response->assertStatus(422);
 
         $this->assertSame('error', $json['status']);
         $this->assertCount(1, $json['errors']);
         $this->assertArrayHasKey('voucher', $json['errors']);
 
         // TODO: Test phone validation
     }
 
     /**
      * Test signup initialization with valid input
      *
      * @return array
      */
     public function testSignupInitValidInput()
     {
         Queue::fake();
 
         // Assert that no jobs were pushed...
         Queue::assertNothingPushed();
 
         $data = [
             'email' => 'testuser@external.com',
             'first_name' => 'Signup',
             'last_name' => 'User',
             'plan' => 'individual',
         ];
 
         $response = $this->post('/api/auth/signup/init', $data);
         $json = $response->json();
 
         $response->assertStatus(200);
         $this->assertCount(2, $json);
         $this->assertSame('success', $json['status']);
         $this->assertNotEmpty($json['code']);
 
         // Assert the email sending job was pushed once
         Queue::assertPushed(\App\Jobs\SignupVerificationEmail::class, 1);
 
         // Assert the job has proper data assigned
         Queue::assertPushed(\App\Jobs\SignupVerificationEmail::class, function ($job) use ($data, $json) {
             $code = TestCase::getObjectProperty($job, 'code');
 
             return $code->code === $json['code']
-                && $code->data['plan'] === $data['plan']
-                && $code->data['email'] === $data['email']
-                && $code->data['first_name'] === $data['first_name']
-                && $code->data['last_name'] === $data['last_name'];
+                && $code->plan === $data['plan']
+                && $code->email === $data['email']
+                && $code->first_name === $data['first_name']
+                && $code->last_name === $data['last_name'];
         });
 
         // Try the same with voucher
         $data['voucher'] = 'TEST';
 
         $response = $this->post('/api/auth/signup/init', $data);
         $json = $response->json();
 
         $response->assertStatus(200);
         $this->assertCount(2, $json);
         $this->assertSame('success', $json['status']);
         $this->assertNotEmpty($json['code']);
 
         // Assert the job has proper data assigned
         Queue::assertPushed(\App\Jobs\SignupVerificationEmail::class, function ($job) use ($data, $json) {
             $code = TestCase::getObjectProperty($job, 'code');
 
             return $code->code === $json['code']
-                && $code->data['plan'] === $data['plan']
-                && $code->data['email'] === $data['email']
-                && $code->data['voucher'] === $data['voucher']
-                && $code->data['first_name'] === $data['first_name']
-                && $code->data['last_name'] === $data['last_name'];
+                && $code->plan === $data['plan']
+                && $code->email === $data['email']
+                && $code->voucher === $data['voucher']
+                && $code->first_name === $data['first_name']
+                && $code->last_name === $data['last_name'];
         });
 
         return [
             'code' => $json['code'],
             'email' => $data['email'],
             'first_name' => $data['first_name'],
             'last_name' => $data['last_name'],
             'plan' => $data['plan'],
             'voucher' => $data['voucher']
         ];
     }
 
     /**
      * Test signup code verification with invalid input
      *
      * @depends testSignupInitValidInput
      * @return void
      */
     public function testSignupVerifyInvalidInput(array $result)
     {
         // Empty data
         $data = [];
 
         $response = $this->post('/api/auth/signup/verify', $data);
         $json = $response->json();
 
         $response->assertStatus(422);
         $this->assertSame('error', $json['status']);
         $this->assertCount(2, $json['errors']);
         $this->assertArrayHasKey('code', $json['errors']);
         $this->assertArrayHasKey('short_code', $json['errors']);
 
         // Data with existing code but missing short_code
         $data = [
             'code' => $result['code'],
         ];
 
         $response = $this->post('/api/auth/signup/verify', $data);
         $json = $response->json();
 
         $response->assertStatus(422);
         $this->assertSame('error', $json['status']);
         $this->assertCount(1, $json['errors']);
         $this->assertArrayHasKey('short_code', $json['errors']);
 
         // Data with invalid short_code
         $data = [
             'code' => $result['code'],
             'short_code' => 'XXXX',
         ];
 
         $response = $this->post('/api/auth/signup/verify', $data);
         $json = $response->json();
 
         $response->assertStatus(422);
         $this->assertSame('error', $json['status']);
         $this->assertCount(1, $json['errors']);
         $this->assertArrayHasKey('short_code', $json['errors']);
 
         // TODO: Test expired code
     }
 
     /**
      * Test signup code verification with valid input
      *
      * @depends testSignupInitValidInput
      *
      * @return array
      */
     public function testSignupVerifyValidInput(array $result)
     {
         $code = SignupCode::find($result['code']);
         $data = [
             'code' => $code->code,
             'short_code' => $code->short_code,
         ];
 
         $response = $this->post('/api/auth/signup/verify', $data);
         $json = $response->json();
 
         $response->assertStatus(200);
         $this->assertCount(7, $json);
         $this->assertSame('success', $json['status']);
         $this->assertSame($result['email'], $json['email']);
         $this->assertSame($result['first_name'], $json['first_name']);
         $this->assertSame($result['last_name'], $json['last_name']);
         $this->assertSame($result['voucher'], $json['voucher']);
         $this->assertSame(false, $json['is_domain']);
         $this->assertTrue(is_array($json['domains']) && !empty($json['domains']));
 
         return $result;
     }
 
     /**
      * Test last signup step with invalid input
      *
      * @depends testSignupVerifyValidInput
      * @return void
      */
     public function testSignupInvalidInput(array $result)
     {
         // Empty data
         $data = [];
 
         $response = $this->post('/api/auth/signup', $data);
         $json = $response->json();
 
         $response->assertStatus(422);
         $this->assertSame('error', $json['status']);
         $this->assertCount(3, $json['errors']);
         $this->assertArrayHasKey('login', $json['errors']);
         $this->assertArrayHasKey('password', $json['errors']);
         $this->assertArrayHasKey('domain', $json['errors']);
 
         $domain = $this->getPublicDomain();
 
         // Passwords do not match and missing domain
         $data = [
             'login' => 'test',
             'password' => 'test',
             'password_confirmation' => 'test2',
         ];
 
         $response = $this->post('/api/auth/signup', $data);
         $json = $response->json();
 
         $response->assertStatus(422);
         $this->assertSame('error', $json['status']);
         $this->assertCount(2, $json['errors']);
         $this->assertArrayHasKey('password', $json['errors']);
         $this->assertArrayHasKey('domain', $json['errors']);
 
         $domain = $this->getPublicDomain();
 
         // Login too short
         $data = [
             'login' => '1',
             'domain' => $domain,
             'password' => 'test',
             'password_confirmation' => 'test',
         ];
 
         $response = $this->post('/api/auth/signup', $data);
         $json = $response->json();
 
         $response->assertStatus(422);
         $this->assertSame('error', $json['status']);
         $this->assertCount(1, $json['errors']);
         $this->assertArrayHasKey('login', $json['errors']);
 
         // Missing codes
         $data = [
             'login' => 'login-valid',
             'domain' => $domain,
             'password' => 'test',
             'password_confirmation' => 'test',
         ];
 
         $response = $this->post('/api/auth/signup', $data);
         $json = $response->json();
 
         $response->assertStatus(422);
         $this->assertSame('error', $json['status']);
         $this->assertCount(2, $json['errors']);
         $this->assertArrayHasKey('code', $json['errors']);
         $this->assertArrayHasKey('short_code', $json['errors']);
 
         // Data with invalid short_code
         $data = [
             'login' => 'TestLogin',
             'domain' => $domain,
             'password' => 'test',
             'password_confirmation' => 'test',
             'code' => $result['code'],
             'short_code' => 'XXXX',
         ];
 
         $response = $this->post('/api/auth/signup', $data);
         $json = $response->json();
 
         $response->assertStatus(422);
         $this->assertSame('error', $json['status']);
         $this->assertCount(1, $json['errors']);
         $this->assertArrayHasKey('short_code', $json['errors']);
 
         $code = SignupCode::find($result['code']);
 
         // Data with invalid voucher
         $data = [
             'login' => 'TestLogin',
             'domain' => $domain,
             'password' => 'test',
             'password_confirmation' => 'test',
             'code' => $result['code'],
             'short_code' => $code->short_code,
             'voucher' => 'XXX',
         ];
 
         $response = $this->post('/api/auth/signup', $data);
         $json = $response->json();
 
         $response->assertStatus(422);
         $this->assertSame('error', $json['status']);
         $this->assertCount(1, $json['errors']);
         $this->assertArrayHasKey('voucher', $json['errors']);
 
         // Valid code, invalid login
         $data = [
             'login' => 'żżżżżż',
             'domain' => $domain,
             'password' => 'test',
             'password_confirmation' => 'test',
             'code' => $result['code'],
             'short_code' => $code->short_code,
         ];
 
         $response = $this->post('/api/auth/signup', $data);
         $json = $response->json();
 
         $response->assertStatus(422);
         $this->assertSame('error', $json['status']);
         $this->assertCount(1, $json['errors']);
         $this->assertArrayHasKey('login', $json['errors']);
     }
 
     /**
      * Test last signup step with valid input (user creation)
      *
      * @depends testSignupVerifyValidInput
      * @return void
      */
     public function testSignupValidInput(array $result)
     {
         $queue = Queue::fake();
 
         $domain = $this->getPublicDomain();
         $identity = \strtolower('SignupLogin@') . $domain;
         $code = SignupCode::find($result['code']);
         $data = [
             'login' => 'SignupLogin',
             'domain' => $domain,
             'password' => 'test',
             'password_confirmation' => 'test',
             'code' => $code->code,
             'short_code' => $code->short_code,
             'voucher' => 'TEST',
         ];
 
         $response = $this->post('/api/auth/signup', $data);
         $json = $response->json();
 
         $response->assertStatus(200);
         $this->assertSame('success', $json['status']);
         $this->assertSame('bearer', $json['token_type']);
         $this->assertTrue(!empty($json['expires_in']) && is_int($json['expires_in']) && $json['expires_in'] > 0);
         $this->assertNotEmpty($json['access_token']);
         $this->assertSame($identity, $json['email']);
 
         Queue::assertPushed(\App\Jobs\User\CreateJob::class, 1);
 
         Queue::assertPushed(
             \App\Jobs\User\CreateJob::class,
             function ($job) use ($data) {
                 $userEmail = TestCase::getObjectProperty($job, 'userEmail');
                 return $userEmail === \strtolower($data['login'] . '@' . $data['domain']);
             }
         );
 
         // Check if the code has been removed
         $this->assertNull(SignupCode::where('code', $result['code'])->first());
 
         // Check if the user has been created
         $user = User::where('email', $identity)->first();
 
         $this->assertNotEmpty($user);
         $this->assertSame($identity, $user->email);
 
         // Check user settings
         $this->assertSame($result['first_name'], $user->getSetting('first_name'));
         $this->assertSame($result['last_name'], $user->getSetting('last_name'));
         $this->assertSame($result['email'], $user->getSetting('external_email'));
 
         // Discount
         $discount = Discount::where('code', 'TEST')->first();
         $this->assertSame($discount->id, $user->wallets()->first()->discount_id);
 
         // TODO: Check SKUs/Plan
 
         // TODO: Check if the access token works
     }
 
     /**
      * Test signup for a group (custom domain) account
      *
      * @return void
      */
     public function testSignupGroupAccount()
     {
         Queue::fake();
 
         // Initial signup request
         $user_data = $data = [
             'email' => 'testuser@external.com',
             'first_name' => 'Signup',
             'last_name' => 'User',
             'plan' => 'group',
         ];
 
         $response = $this->withoutMiddleware()->post('/api/auth/signup/init', $data);
         $json = $response->json();
 
         $response->assertStatus(200);
         $this->assertCount(2, $json);
         $this->assertSame('success', $json['status']);
         $this->assertNotEmpty($json['code']);
 
         // Assert the email sending job was pushed once
         Queue::assertPushed(\App\Jobs\SignupVerificationEmail::class, 1);
 
         // Assert the job has proper data assigned
         Queue::assertPushed(\App\Jobs\SignupVerificationEmail::class, function ($job) use ($data, $json) {
             $code = TestCase::getObjectProperty($job, 'code');
 
             return $code->code === $json['code']
-                && $code->data['plan'] === $data['plan']
-                && $code->data['email'] === $data['email']
-                && $code->data['first_name'] === $data['first_name']
-                && $code->data['last_name'] === $data['last_name'];
+                && $code->plan === $data['plan']
+                && $code->email === $data['email']
+                && $code->first_name === $data['first_name']
+                && $code->last_name === $data['last_name'];
         });
 
         // Verify the code
         $code = SignupCode::find($json['code']);
         $data = [
             'code' => $code->code,
             'short_code' => $code->short_code,
         ];
 
         $response = $this->post('/api/auth/signup/verify', $data);
         $result = $response->json();
 
         $response->assertStatus(200);
         $this->assertCount(7, $result);
         $this->assertSame('success', $result['status']);
         $this->assertSame($user_data['email'], $result['email']);
         $this->assertSame($user_data['first_name'], $result['first_name']);
         $this->assertSame($user_data['last_name'], $result['last_name']);
         $this->assertSame(null, $result['voucher']);
         $this->assertSame(true, $result['is_domain']);
         $this->assertSame([], $result['domains']);
 
         // Final signup request
         $login = 'admin';
         $domain = 'external.com';
         $data = [
             'login' => $login,
             'domain' => $domain,
             'password' => 'test',
             'password_confirmation' => 'test',
             'code' => $code->code,
             'short_code' => $code->short_code,
         ];
 
         $response = $this->post('/api/auth/signup', $data);
         $result = $response->json();
 
         $response->assertStatus(200);
         $this->assertSame('success', $result['status']);
         $this->assertSame('bearer', $result['token_type']);
         $this->assertTrue(!empty($result['expires_in']) && is_int($result['expires_in']) && $result['expires_in'] > 0);
         $this->assertNotEmpty($result['access_token']);
         $this->assertSame("$login@$domain", $result['email']);
 
         Queue::assertPushed(\App\Jobs\Domain\CreateJob::class, 1);
 
         Queue::assertPushed(
             \App\Jobs\Domain\CreateJob::class,
             function ($job) use ($domain) {
                 $domainNamespace = TestCase::getObjectProperty($job, 'domainNamespace');
 
                 return $domainNamespace === $domain;
             }
         );
 
         Queue::assertPushed(\App\Jobs\User\CreateJob::class, 1);
 
         Queue::assertPushed(
             \App\Jobs\User\CreateJob::class,
             function ($job) use ($data) {
                 $userEmail = TestCase::getObjectProperty($job, 'userEmail');
 
                 return $userEmail === $data['login'] . '@' . $data['domain'];
             }
         );
 
         // Check if the code has been removed
         $this->assertNull(SignupCode::find($code->id));
 
         // Check if the user has been created
         $user = User::where('email', $login . '@' . $domain)->first();
 
         $this->assertNotEmpty($user);
 
         // Check user settings
         $this->assertSame($user_data['email'], $user->getSetting('external_email'));
         $this->assertSame($user_data['first_name'], $user->getSetting('first_name'));
         $this->assertSame($user_data['last_name'], $user->getSetting('last_name'));
 
         // TODO: Check domain record
 
         // TODO: Check SKUs/Plan
 
         // TODO: Check if the access token works
     }
 
     /**
      * List of login/domain validation cases for testValidateLogin()
      *
      * @return array Arguments for testValidateLogin()
      */
     public function dataValidateLogin(): array
     {
         $domain = $this->getPublicDomain();
 
         return [
             // Individual account
             ['', $domain, false, ['login' => 'The login field is required.']],
             ['test123456', 'localhost', false, ['domain' => 'The specified domain is invalid.']],
             ['test123456', 'unknown-domain.org', false, ['domain' => 'The specified domain is invalid.']],
             ['test.test', $domain, false, null],
             ['test_test', $domain, false, null],
             ['test-test', $domain, false, null],
             ['admin', $domain, false, ['login' => 'The specified login is not available.']],
             ['administrator', $domain, false, ['login' => 'The specified login is not available.']],
             ['sales', $domain, false, ['login' => 'The specified login is not available.']],
             ['root', $domain, false, ['login' => 'The specified login is not available.']],
 
             // TODO existing (public domain) user
             // ['signuplogin', $domain, false, ['login' => 'The specified login is not available.']],
 
             // Domain account
             ['admin', 'kolabsys.com', true, null],
             ['testnonsystemdomain', 'invalid', true, ['domain' => 'The specified domain is invalid.']],
             ['testnonsystemdomain', '.com', true, ['domain' => 'The specified domain is invalid.']],
 
             // existing custom domain
             ['jack', 'kolab.org', true, ['domain' => 'The specified domain is not available.']],
         ];
     }
 
     /**
      * Signup login/domain validation.
      *
      * Note: Technically these include unit tests, but let's keep it here for now.
      * FIXME: Shall we do a http request for each case?
      *
      * @dataProvider dataValidateLogin
      */
     public function testValidateLogin($login, $domain, $external, $expected_result): void
     {
         $result = $this->invokeMethod(new SignupController(), 'validateLogin', [$login, $domain, $external]);
 
         $this->assertSame($expected_result, $result);
     }
 
     /**
      * Signup login/domain validation, more cases
      *
      * Note: Technically these include unit tests, but let's keep it here for now.
      */
     public function testValidateLoginMore(): void
     {
         $group = $this->getTestGroup('group-test@kolabnow.com');
         $login = 'group-test';
         $domain = 'kolabnow.com';
         $external = false;
 
         $result = $this->invokeMethod(new SignupController(), 'validateLogin', [$login, $domain, $external]);
 
         $this->assertSame(['login' => 'The specified login is not available.'], $result);
     }
 }
diff --git a/src/tests/Feature/Jobs/SignupVerificationEmailTest.php b/src/tests/Feature/Jobs/SignupVerificationEmailTest.php
index f9a97cb7..0a4d189f 100644
--- a/src/tests/Feature/Jobs/SignupVerificationEmailTest.php
+++ b/src/tests/Feature/Jobs/SignupVerificationEmailTest.php
@@ -1,66 +1,64 @@
 <?php
 
 namespace Tests\Feature\Jobs;
 
 use App\Jobs\SignupVerificationEmail;
 use App\Mail\SignupVerification;
 use App\SignupCode;
 use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Mail;
 use Tests\TestCase;
 
 class SignupVerificationEmailTest extends TestCase
 {
     private $code;
 
     /**
      * {@inheritDoc}
      *
      * @return void
      */
     public function setUp(): void
     {
         parent::setUp();
 
         $this->code = SignupCode::create([
-                'data' => [
-                    'email' => 'SignupVerificationEmailTest1@' . \config('app.domain'),
-                    'first_name' => "Test",
-                    'last_name' => "Job"
-                ]
+                'email' => 'SignupVerificationEmailTest1@' . \config('app.domain'),
+                'first_name' => "Test",
+                'last_name' => "Job"
         ]);
     }
 
     /**
      * {@inheritDoc}
      *
      * @return void
      */
     public function tearDown(): void
     {
         $this->code->delete();
     }
 
     /**
      * Test job handle
      *
      * @return void
      */
     public function testSignupVerificationEmailHandle()
     {
         Mail::fake();
 
         // Assert that no jobs were pushed...
         Mail::assertNothingSent();
 
         $job = new SignupVerificationEmail($this->code);
         $job->handle();
 
         // Assert the email sending job was pushed once
         Mail::assertSent(SignupVerification::class, 1);
 
         // Assert the mail was sent to the code's email
         Mail::assertSent(SignupVerification::class, function ($mail) {
-            return $mail->hasTo($this->code->data['email']);
+            return $mail->hasTo($this->code->email);
         });
     }
 }
diff --git a/src/tests/Feature/SignupCodeTest.php b/src/tests/Feature/SignupCodeTest.php
index 170a7205..4be5ea6b 100644
--- a/src/tests/Feature/SignupCodeTest.php
+++ b/src/tests/Feature/SignupCodeTest.php
@@ -1,43 +1,49 @@
 <?php
 
 namespace Tests\Feature;
 
 use App\SignupCode;
 use Carbon\Carbon;
 use Tests\TestCase;
 
 class SignupCodeTest extends TestCase
 {
     /**
      * Test SignupCode creation
      *
      * @return void
      */
     public function testSignupCodeCreate()
     {
         $data = [
-            'data' => [
-                'email' => 'User@email.org',
-            ]
+            'email' => 'User@email.org',
         ];
 
         $now = Carbon::now();
 
         $code = SignupCode::create($data);
-
         $code_length = env('VERIFICATION_CODE_LENGTH', SignupCode::SHORTCODE_LENGTH);
         $exp = Carbon::now()->addHours(env('SIGNUP_CODE_EXPIRY', SignupCode::CODE_EXP_HOURS));
 
         $this->assertFalse($code->isExpired());
         $this->assertTrue(strlen($code->code) === SignupCode::CODE_LENGTH);
         $this->assertTrue(strlen($code->short_code) === $code_length);
-        $this->assertSame($data['data'], $code->data);
+        $this->assertSame($data['email'], $code->email);
+        $this->assertSame('User', $code->local_part);
+        $this->assertSame('email.org', $code->domain_part);
+        $this->assertSame('127.0.0.1', $code->ip_address);
         $this->assertInstanceOf(Carbon::class, $code->expires_at);
         $this->assertSame($code->expires_at->toDateTimeString(), $exp->toDateTimeString());
 
         $inst = SignupCode::find($code->code);
 
         $this->assertInstanceOf(SignupCode::class, $inst);
         $this->assertSame($inst->code, $code->code);
+
+        $inst->email = 'other@email.com';
+        $inst->save();
+
+        $this->assertSame('other', $inst->local_part);
+        $this->assertSame('email.com', $inst->domain_part);
     }
 }
diff --git a/src/tests/Unit/Mail/SignupVerificationTest.php b/src/tests/Unit/Mail/SignupVerificationTest.php
index c7796658..3fa1ab0e 100644
--- a/src/tests/Unit/Mail/SignupVerificationTest.php
+++ b/src/tests/Unit/Mail/SignupVerificationTest.php
@@ -1,48 +1,46 @@
 <?php
 
 namespace Tests\Unit\Mail;
 
 use App\Mail\SignupVerification;
 use App\SignupCode;
 use App\Utils;
 use Tests\MailInterceptTrait;
 use Tests\TestCase;
 
 class SignupVerificationTest extends TestCase
 {
     use MailInterceptTrait;
 
     /**
      * Test email content
      */
     public function testBuild(): void
     {
         $code = new SignupCode([
                 'code' => 'code',
                 'short_code' => 'short-code',
-                'data' => [
-                    'email' => 'test@email',
-                    'first_name' => 'First',
-                    'last_name' => 'Last',
-                ],
+                'email' => 'test@email',
+                'first_name' => 'First',
+                'last_name' => 'Last',
         ]);
 
         $mail = $this->fakeMail(new SignupVerification($code));
 
         $html = $mail['html'];
         $plain = $mail['plain'];
 
         $url = Utils::serviceUrl('/signup/' . $code->short_code . '-' . $code->code);
         $link = "<a href=\"$url\">$url</a>";
         $appName = \config('app.name');
 
         $this->assertMailSubject("$appName Registration", $mail['message']);
 
         $this->assertStringStartsWith('<!DOCTYPE html>', $html);
         $this->assertTrue(strpos($html, $link) > 0);
         $this->assertTrue(strpos($html, 'First Last') > 0);
 
         $this->assertStringStartsWith('Dear First Last', $plain);
         $this->assertTrue(strpos($plain, $url) > 0);
     }
 }